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Background: Brain injury can reduce consciousness and the ability to respond to environmental stimulation. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of familiar voices on the level of consciousness (LOC) among comatose patients with a brain injury hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, sixty comatose patients with head trauma were conveniently selected from an intensive care unit of a hospital in Rasht, Iran, and randomly allocated to either a control or an intervention group. Participants in the intervention group received auditory stimulation for three consecutive days and the level of consciousness was compared in two groups. The Glasgow Coma Scale was used to assess the patients’ level of consciousness. The data were analyzed through the Chi-square, the paired-samples t, student’s t test, and the repeated-measures analysis of variance.  Results: A significant increase was found in the mean LOC in the intervention group after every daily auditory stimulation (P<0.05). However, no significant changes were observed in the control group (P>0.05). The repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed that the time and interaction of time and groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Auditory stimulation with familiar voice was effective in improving levels of consciousness among comatose patients with a brain injury after three days.

Background and Objectives: Trichomonas vaginalisis a protozoan pathogen of the human urogenital tract. It infects usually vagina and urethra in women but may infect the bartholin or scan glands, cervix and bladder. In infected men, the organism is often seen in the distal urethra but rarely, involves prostate gland, seminal vesicle and epididymal.This study was designed to provide a data base on investigation of the overall prevalence and clinical findings and compare of diagnostic methods for detection of Trichomoniasis. Materials and Methods: In this study (a cross sectional) total of 400 vaginal samples were examined with wet smear and pap smear and diamond culture medium for Trichomoniasis in Chabahar in 2012. The confirmed clinical findings by gynecologist recorded in patient information forms. The data analysis was done using the SPSS software version 18.0 and frequency tables generated. The chi-square and T student tests was used to determine significant relationship between categorical variables at a significant P value of less than or equal to 0.05. Results: In this study prevalence of Trichomoniasis were reported 39 (9.75%) for diamond culture media and 27 (6.75%) for pap smear and 25(6.25%) for wet mounts direct microscopy slides, respectively. However , there was no statistically significant difference between the clinical symptoms seen in patients examined with infection (P>0.05). There was statistically significant difference between patient reported sings with infection (P<0.05). Conclusion: considering high prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis , asymptomatic infected careers and excessive treatment before the exact laboratory diagnosis , it is recommended to perform reliable testing methods routinely in addition to wet mounts ,culture methods

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