Background: The potential problems related to the use of formalin in histopathology, such as health hazards, deterioration of nuclei acids are well-known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utilization of a Carnoy's solution fixation in comparison with formalin on subsequent tissue sectioning and histochemical staining. Materials and Methods: Corresponding sections of 25 tissue biopsies of rabbit's different organs were fixed in Carnoy's solution and in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Samples were processed using the conventional method and then stained applying five histochemical methods. The degree of the quality of the staining was assessed for each method by scoring system (1-10) depending on comparison of the stained tissue sections with illustrated photomicrographs. Results: For the quality of cutting, the best quality was obtained by Formalin (mean = 4.76) then Carnoy's fixative (mean =3.84). The best quality of Haematoxylin and Eosin staining was obtained by formalin (mean =5.28) then Carnoy's (mean = 4.00). For Alcian blue and Perl's Prussian blue, the best staining qualities were obtained by Formalin (mean = 4.76 and 5.64 respectively) followed by Carnoy's (mean = 2.88 and 3.92 respectively). For periodic Acid Schiff's the best staining quality was obtained following Carnoy's fixation (mean = 4.52) then, the formalin (mean = 3.76). Conclusion: Although, Carnoy's fluid is a safe fixative and can rapidly penetrate the tissues, but it can't be a substitute for formalin.
Sixty trees of ten high density Lesser Used Species (LUS) of potential importance to bridge construction were extracted from four forest reserves-Bobiri, Pra-Anum, Nueng, and Subri River (in four different ecological zones). Logs from the trees were converted on a horizontal bandmill to 27 and 53 mm thick boards. Specimens were prepared from the green boards for the determination of the green moisture content, basic density, and dimensional shrinkage of each of the ten species: Celtis mildbraedii, Celtis zenkeri, Combretodendron africanum (Essia), Cynometra ananta (Ananta), Lophira alata (Kaku), Nauclea diderrichii (Kusia), Nesogordonia papaverifera (Danta), Piptadeniastrum africanum (Dahoma), Strombosia glaucescens (Afina), and Sterculia rhinopetala (Wawabima). Mean green moisture content was lowest in Kaku (45%) and highest in Celtis zenkeri (93%). Mean basic density was highest in Kaku (840 kg/m 3) and lowest in C. zenkeri (560 kg/m 3). Mean green moisture content and mean basic density of the species negatively correlated with a correlation coefficient of-0.87. Mean total tangential shrinkage varied from a low of 6.2% for Dahoma to a high of 9.9% for Kaku. Based on the mean tangential shrinkage from green to 12% moisture content the dimensional shrinkage of the species were classified as 'small' for Dahoma, Kusia, Ananta and Danta; 'medium' for Celtis mildbraedii, Afina, C. zenkeri, Essia and Kaku; and 'large' for Wawabima. Tangential to radial shrinkage (T/R) ratio was 'very low' in Kaku, 'low' (or fairly close to 1.5) in Danta, Afina, C. zenkeri and C. mildbraedii, 'pronounced' (> 1.5) in Ananta and Dahoma; and 'very pronounced' (>> 1.5) in Kusia, Wawabima and Essia. The pronounced differential shrinkage (≥ 1.5) in these woods is likely to cause wide splits, checks and distortions if precautions are not taken during the kiln drying of these heavy wood species. Total longitudinal shrinkage was excessive and exceeded the normal figure of 0.2% in all ten species, and was higher than the rare figure of 0.4% in Kaku and Ananta.
Logs from sixty trees of ten high density Lesser Used Species (LUS) of potential importance to bridge construction were extracted from four forest reserves -Bobiri, Pra-Anum, Nueng, and Subri River in four different ecological zones. The logs from the trees were converted on a horizontal bandmill to 27 and 53 mm thick boards. One-half of the boards were used in the green state and the other half air dried. Mechanical strength test specimens were prepared and tested in accordance with the British Standard BS 373:1957. The range of mean strength values in N/mm 2 in the 'green' [and dry] conditions for the ten wood species were as follows: -Modulus Hardness in kN: 3.5-11.3 [5.1-17.0]. The 10 species in decreasing order of strength was as follows: Lophira alata (Kaku) > Cynometra ananta (Ananta) > Strombosia glaucescens (Afina) > Celtis mildbraedii > Nauclea diderrichii (Kusia) ≥ Celtis zenkeri ≈ Piptadeniastrum africanum (Dahoma) > Nesogordonia papaverifera (Danta) > Combretodendron africanum (Essia) > Sterculia rhinopetala (Wawabima). Mean ratios of dry to 'green' MOR and MOE were 1.44 and 1.28. There was a good correlation (84.4~98.2%) between the Density (X) and the various mechanical strength values (Y). Regression equations in the form: Y = aX b were derived with R 2 values of 0.72-0.93.
This study was carried out on a poultry farm in the Department of Animal Production – College of Agriculture - University of Anbar, the experiment aimed to determine broiler chicks' undesired behavior, including fear, gathering, and isolation. Seventy-five unsexed chicks were used that belong to strain Ross 308 with the age of one day. Chicks were randomly distributed to five replications, each replicate contained 15 chicks. The fear behavior was studied by observing the situation in which the chicks of each repeater are present at different times of the day when observing the chicks, we counted the number of isolated chicks, that is, located at the corners of the field, and recorded them, considering that they were very afraid. Chicks that are a little far from the corner were considered Medium afraid, and those that are farther away from the corner are a little afraid. As for the chicks that are spread out, far from the corners and walls, they are considered natural and not afraid, this is what was applied to each repeater (color) and at each of the specified times to take Data per day during the trial period. The results showed significant differences between the treatments in each of the traits of fear, grouping, and isolation due to the natural stimulator (sound) to broiler chicks.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.