Background: The role of positron emission tomography with the glucose analogue [18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG-PET) in the initial staging of disease in patients with primary colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been adequately assessed. Aims: To evaluate the additional value of FDG-PET as a staging modality, complementary to routine multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) in patients with CRC. Methods: Forty four patients with CRC underwent preoperative MDCT and FDG-PET. The accuracy of intraoperative macroscopic staging was also investigated compared with histopathological diagnosis. All FDG-PET images were evaluated with respect to detectability of the primary tumour, lymph node involvement, and distant metastases. Both MDCT and FDG-PET diagnoses and treatment plan were compared with surgical and histopathological results. Results: Thirty seven patients underwent surgery. Tumour detection rate was 95% (42/44) for MDCT, 100% (44/44) for FDG-PET, and 100% (37/37) for intraoperative macroscopic diagnosis. Pathological diagnosis of T factor was T1 in five, T2 in four, T3 in 24, and T4 in four cases. Concordance rate with pathological findings of T factor was 57% (21/37) for MDCT and 62% (23/37) for macroscopic diagnosis. Lymph node involvement was pathologically positive in 19 cases. Regarding N factor, overall accuracy was 62% (23/37) for MDCT, 59% (22/37) for FDG-PET, and 70% (26/37) for macroscopic diagnosis. For all 44 patients, FDG-PET findings resulted in treatment changes in only one (2%) patient. Conclusion: FDG-PET is not superior to routine MDCT in the initial staging of primary CRC.

Abstract:Objective: To examine the changes in serum copper (Cu) levels in benign and malignant thyroid disease in humans. Background: Thyroid hormones infl uence the metabolism of trace elements including copper. Methods: 47 papillary thyroid cancer and 43 benign multinodular goitre patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and 37 healthy control subjects were included into this study. All of the patients and controls were females. Serum Cu levels were detected with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: In the papillary thyroid cancer group serum level of Cu was 131.61±33.9 μg/dL before surgery and 120.81±30.4 μg/dL after 20 days from surgery. In the benign group serum Cu level was 84.75±12.1 μg/dL and 68.01±9.4 μg/dL postoperatively.These results were compared to healthy control's value of 105.87±10.68 μg/dL. In the papillary thyroid cancer group pre-and postoperative serum Cu level was signifi cantly higher when compared to control group (p<0.05). Postoperative serum Cu level signifi cantly decreased when compared to pre-operative level(p<0.05), in which, it was still higher than the control(p<0.05). In the benign group pre-and postoperative serum Cu level was significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05).Postoperative serum Cu level signifi cantly decreased when compared to pre-operative level in the benign group (p<0.05). Conclusion: This is a pioneer study to examine serum Cu level in benign and malignant thyroid patients compared to controls. In our small groups serum Cu levels increased in malignant thyroid patients and decreased in the benign group (Tab. 1, Ref. 18 Trace elements are essential micro-nutrients both for humans and other organisms. They are crucial for many physiological processes and are involved in many pathologic changes in tissues (1). Thyroid hormones infl uence the metabolism of trace elements including copper (Cu) (2). Cu is important for the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD). Changes in the activity of this enzyme are consistent with the Cu serum levels (3). Cu was shown to be essential for cell division both in normal and cancerous tissue (4, 5). Although copper is an essential element for human and animals, a high concentration of Cu (above normal) could induce growth proliferation and cancer by damaging DNA with toxic free hydroxyl radicals (6).The present study was undertaken to investigate correlation of Cu serum levels in benign and malign thyroid diseases before and after surgery compared to controls. Materials and methodsThis is an age-and sex-matched case-control study, conducted at the Department of Medical Biochemistry of Celal Bayar University of Medicine and the Department of General Surgery of Ankara Oncology Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. The study was approved by the hospital Ethical committee. All the patients and the volunteers involved in the study have given informed consent. PatientsRecruitment of subjects was performed by convenience sampling at outpatient General Surgery Clinic of Oncology Hospital, Turkey by trained physicians. 47...

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Bu çalışmamızda amacımız endoskopik olarak çıkarılamayıp cerrahi rezeksiyon uygulanan kolorektal polipli hastaların incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya Ocak 2014-Ağustos2017 yılları arasında kliniğimizde kolorektal polip nedeniyle cerrahi rezeksiyon uygulanan hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Olgular ile ilgili olarak hastane veri tabanında geriye dönük olarak hastaların demografik bilgileri, poliplerin lokalizasyonu, endoskopik biopsi sonuçları, yapılan cerrahi işlemler, rezeksiyon materyalinde polibin histopatolojisi ve postoperatif komplikasyon varlığı incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Kliniğimizde belirtilen süre içerisinde 8 hastaya "zor" polip tanısıyla cerrahi rezeksiyon yapılmıştır. Hastaların 6'sı erkek (6/8) olup, yaş ortalaması 64,12'dir. Poliplerin lokalizasyonu hastaların 3'ünde rektum (3/8), 2'sinde çıkan kolon (2/8), 2'sinde inen kolon (2/8) ve 1'sinde transvers kolon (1/8) idi. Hastaların preoperatif endoskopik biopsileri 5'inde villöz adenom (5/8), 2'sinde tubüler adenom (2/8), 1'inde juvenil polip (1/8) şeklinde raporlanmıştı. Çıkarılan piyeslerin patolojik incelenmesinde 3 hastada villöz adenom + yüksek dereceli displazi (YDD) (3/8)), 1'inde tubüler adenom+ YDD (1/8)), 1'inde tubüler adenom + intramukozal karsinom (1/8)), 1'inde juvenil polip + düşük dereceli displazi (DDD) (1/8) ve 2'sinde (2/8) invaziv karsinom belirlenmiştir. İnvaziv karsinom tespit edilen hastalarda kanser evreleri T1N0M0 ve T3N0M0 şeklinde raporlanmıştır. Çıkarılan poliplerin en büyüğünün boyutu 13,5x8,5 cm iken, en küçüğünün boyutu 4x3 cm idi. İlginç olarak çıkarılan en küçük tümörler invaziv tümör olanlardı. Sonuç: Polip boyutu operasyon öncesi invaziv karsinom olasılığı konusunda net bir belirleyici değildir. Endoskopik veya lokal rezeksiyon teknikleriyle çıkarılamayan poliplerin endoskopik biyopsi sonuçları ne olursa olsun onkolojik cerrahi prensiplere göre çıkarılması gerektiği düşüncesindeyiz.

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