No abstract

Oral diadochokinetic abilities of alternating motion rates and velocity of narrative speech represent a possible additional prognostic parameter for the outcome of traumatic brain injury in diffuse axonal injury.

These findings indicate that frontally recorded N18, P20 and N13 recorded from C2 are generated in part in the brainstem, which becomes damaged by increased intracranial pressure due to secondary injury in severe traumatic brain injury.

Spinal epidermoid cysts are benign tumors. Syringomyelia secondary to intramedullary tumors are frequently observed. However, the association between syringomyelia and spinal intradural extramedullary epidermoid cyst in the conus medullaris region is extremely rare. We present the case of a 3-year-old male who was admitted with paraparesis and urinary retention. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine demonstrated intradural extramedullary lesion, compatible with epidermoid cyst, that at the conus medullaris level and a large syringomyelia extending from T4 to L1 vertebrae. Total microsurgical excision of the cyst was performed. No additional drainage was carried out for the syringomyelic cavity. Histopathological examination verified the diagnosis of the epidermoid cyst. Total excision of the cyst and disappearance of the syringomyelia were observed on MRI at 15 days postoperatively. We have clarified the etiology, clinical, histopathological and radiological features, differential diagnosis, and treatment modalities of spinal epidermoid cysts. In addition, we have discussed the possible mechanisms of syringomyelia formation in spinal intradural lesions.

AIM Male breast cancers (MBC), constituting less than 1% of all breast carcinomas, are relatively rare. The average age of diagnosis is between 60-70 years and can affect males of all ages. In this study our aim was to present the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and survival outcomes of patients who were treated and followed up for ten years in out clinic, in accordance with literature. MATERIAL AND METHOD Records of MBC patients who were followed and treated at our clinic between January 2014 and January 2023 were examined retrospectively using the hospital database. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatments performed, overall and disease-free survival rates were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 19 patients were included in the study (mean age: 75.9±11.5, range: 57-96). Four patients with distant metastasis and other system malignancies at the time of diagnosis were excluded. The mean follow-up period was 43.8 months. The most common location of the tumor was to be the retroareolar region (63.2%). BRCA2 gene mutation analysis was positive in three patients. Eleven patients (57.9%) were at Stage 3. Eleven patients had invasive ductal carcinoma. Twelve patients belong to the luminal B subtype. Among the 13 patients who underwent axillary dissection 9 (69.2%) had lymph node involvement. Patients who developed distant metastasis had higher overall mortality and cancer-specific mortality. The body mass index (BMI) of deceased patients was lower than that of surviving patients during the follow-up period. Age group above 75 years had lower overall survival (log-rank p=0.0064) and cancer-specific survival (log-rank p=0.011). CONCLUSION In our study, we found that distant metastasis significantly affected the survival. Although male breast cancers are rare, early diagnosis, as in women, positively influences overall and disease-free survival.