In this study, the carbon-aramid fiber reinforced hybrid composites are fabricated using a vacuum-assisted hand lay-up method using halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) modified epoxy matrix. Ball-on-disk wear tests are performed to analyze the tribological effect of neat and HNTs-added specimens at 10, 15, and 20 N loads and 1 m/s sliding speed. Additionally, the wear rate and friction coefficient results are obtained to investigate the effect of the HNTs on the tribological behavior of hybrid composites. The wear mechanism of neat and nanocomposite specimens is specified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, and the elemental analysis of worn surfaces is performed using EDX. Finally, the surface morphology is evaluated with 3D topography images.Additionally, thermal camera images are used to identify the thermal conductivity effect of HNTs on wear. The wear test results show that HNTs-addition to composite decreased the friction coefficient by 9%, 10%, and 11% for 10 N, 15 N, and 20 N loadings, respectively. The wear rate is also decreased average by 75% for wear loadings. Surface form images acquired from 3D topography
Fiber-reinforced polymer composites serving in harsh conditions must maintain their performance during their entire service. The cryogenic impact is one of the most unpredictable loading types, leading to catastrophic failures of composite structures. This study aims to examine the low-velocity impact (LVI) performance of 3D woven spacer glass-epoxy composite experimentally under cryogenic temperatures. LVI tests were conducted under various temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to −196°C. Experimental results reveal that the 3D composites gradually absorbed higher impact energies with decreasing temperature. Besides, the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotube and SiO2 nanofiller reinforcements of the matrix on the impact performance and the damage characteristics were further assessed. Nanofiller modification enhanced the impact resistance up to 30%, especially at RT. However, the nanofiller efficiency declined with decreasing temperature. The apparent damages were visually examined by scanning electron microscopy to address the damage formation. Significant outcomes have been achieved with the nanofiller modification regarding the new usage areas of 3D woven composites.
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