Sialolithiasis is one of the most common diseases of salivary glands in middle-aged patients. Sialoliths are localized in submandibular glands in nearly 80% of the reported cases and they are classified as ‘giant’ in case any dimension exceeds 15 mm. Giant sialolith in submandibular gland is a rare disorder. Here, an unusual case of giant sialolith in submandibular gland is reported. A 42-year-old man referred with complaints of recurrent pain and swelling in the left submandibular area. Computerized tomography revealed a calcified mass of 42 × 17 mm size within the submandibular gland. Excision was performed in the submandibular gland and a giant sialolith of 35 mm length localized in the body of the gland was detected. The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient fully recovered.
In this study, it was aimed to qualify the rhizome samples of butcher's broom (Ruscus aculeatus L.) gathered from various populations distributed naturally in The Marmara Region of Anatolia (Asian part of Turkey) based on the methods described in European Pharmacopoeia. For this purpose, rhizomes were sampled from 18 divers populations; namely, 6 from Istanbul, 4 from Bursa, 4 from Adapazarı, 2 from Balıkesir and 2 from Çanakkale. For qualitative analysis HPTLC method was used in order identify ruscogenin and stigmasterol and these were determined in all samples. For quantitative analysis, concentrations of total ruscogenin (mixture of neoruscogenin and ruscogenin) were analyzed by HPLC technique. According to The European Pharmacopoeia, Butcher's broom rhizomes should contain at least 1% ruscogenins and the rhizome samples obtained from Bahçeköy, Biga, Karacabey, Poyrazlar, Gönen and Kanlıca were found consistent with this limit. For pilot field cultivation trial, rhizome sections were prepared from the selected rhizome samples by cutting carefully from their knuckles. The sections then were planted in the nursery under 3 different crown closures with three replications (one of which to serve control). However, it was observed that the survival ratio of seedlings, which was 1% in the first year in the nursery, declined even further in the 2nd and 3rd years, and finally the seedlings dried up, neither developed a root system nor formed a rhizome. Consequently, further cultivation studies should be carried out under suitable climatic conditions and soil compositions by directly planting the rhizomes.
Bu çalışmanın amacı "Sosyal Paylaşım Ağlarında Konum Belirleme Ölçeği"nin geliştirilmesi ve bu ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerinin yapılmasıdır. Bu ölçeğin sosyal medya ile ilgili çalışmalara referans olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışma, başta Facebook, Twitter olmak üzere sosyal paylaşım ağlarında hesabı olan 275'i (%42) erkek, 375'i ise (%58) bayan olmak üzere toplam 650 sosyal medya kullanıcısıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Betimleyici faktör analizi işlemleri ve sonrasında AMOS kullanılarak doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Betimleyici faktör analizi ölçeğin üç boyutlu bir yapıya sahip olduğunu ve bu üç boyutun bir arada toplam varyansın %45'ini açıkladığını göstermiştir. Boyutlar; bağımlılık, etik ve yakınsama şeklinde isimlendirilmiştir. Ardından, ölçeğin güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin madde-toplam ve madde-kalan korelasyonları ile maddeayırdedicilik değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışma ile "Sosyal Paylaşım Ağlarında Konum Belirleme Ölçeği"nin uygulama alanı çerçevesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
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