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Background:Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with chronic liver disease. We prospectively evaluated effectiveness of the N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preserving postoperative renal functions in cirrhotic patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries.Materials and Methods:A total of 60 cirrhotic patients child A to B were randomized into two groups of 30 each. NAC groupwas received intravenous infusion of NAC (1200 mg/12h starting immediately before surgery and continued for 72h h postoperative) and controls group received a similar volume of glucose 5% solution as a a placebo. Systemic hemodynamics, hepatic and renal functions, serum cystatin C and cystatin C glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (GFR) were compared between both groups.Results:Serum level of cystatin C was raised significantly above the basal value at postoperative day 1 and day 3 associated with significantly decreased in cystatin C GFR below the basal value in the control group (P = 0.001). 6 (20%) (PP = 0.03) in control group developed AKI based on cystatin C GFR criteria (GFR <55 ml/min/1.73m2). Mean values of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were increased significantly above the basal values in both groups, but the increases were significantly lower in NAC group (P = 0.00). Chest infection was significantly lower associated with shorter hospital stay in the NAC group than the control group.Conclusion:Intravenous administration of NAC NAC in cirrhotic patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries reduces the incidence of cystatin C GFR-based AKI, postoperative renal and liver functions were well-preserved and improved outcome.

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A field experiment was carried out on 6-year-old Manfaloty pomegranate trees grown in sandy soil at 3 × 5 m under drip irrigation system in Abo-Hamad Distrect, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2015 and 2016. Thirty-three trees were subjected to 11 mineral fertilization treatments with or without mycorrhiza or yeast extract. Control trees fertigated by 100% mineral NPK without mycorrhiza or yeast extract addition. Other combinations were 75, 50 and 25% mineral NPK with or without 30 g mycorrhiza or yeast extract. The mineral fertilizer and died yeast applied by fertigation in ten doses during the season, while mycorrhiza was applied to the soil in the wet region under the drippers at the first season (late of February) in the two seasons. The obtained results showed that the highest yield (38.85 and 24.76 kg/tree), average fruit weight (462.70 and 462.10 g), fruit firmness (759.90 and 765.50 g/cm 2), number of grains/fruit (630.70 and 484.20 grain) and grains weight (227.70 and 213.50 g) were gained by trees fertilized by 25 % mineral NPK + 30 g mycorrhiza/tree in the both seasons, respectively. The produced fruits on trees of this treatment contained higher TSS/acid ratio and total anthocyanin content. The trees fertilized by 75% mineral NPK + 30 g mycorrhiza / tree exhibited higher fruit retention percentages (92.34 and 88.70%) in the two seasons, respectively without significant differences between them in most cases. Leaves of trees fertigated by 100% mineral/tree (control) contained the highest values of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the both seasons. The results of this study showed that it is possible to saving 50-75% of mineral fertilizers with obtaining higher yields with better fruit quality by adding the mycorrhiza at 30 g/tree.

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