The oxytrichid ciliate Rubrioxytricha guamensis nov. spec. isolated from water samples collected from a small freshwater pond near the Hagåtña River in Hagåtña, Guam (United States territory), Micronesia, was investigated, using live observation and protargol impregnation. The morphology, ontogenesis, and molecular phylogeny inferred from the small-subunit rRNA gene sequences were studied. The new species is mainly characterized by a cell size of about 100 × 35 μm in vivo, two elongate ellipsoidal macronuclear nodules and two micronuclei, a single contractile vacuole, a colorless cytoplasm, yellowish cortical granules, arranged in short rows and in small groups, an adoral zone occupying about 34% of body length and comprising 27 membranelles on average, about 27 cirri each in the right and left marginal rows, 18 frontoventral transverse cirri, four dorsal kineties including one dorsomarginal row, and one or two caudal cirri at the posterior end of dorsal kinety 3. The ontogenesis of the new species is similar to that of Rubrioxytricha indica Naqvi et al., 2006. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA gene sequences consistently place the new species within the family Oxytrichidae Ehrenberg, 1838, where it clustered with other Rubrioxytricha species, viz., R. tsinlingensis, R. ferruginea, and R. haematoplasma.
Antioxidant is a new hype in naturopathy and at present it has huge demand in cosmetic, nutritional supplementation and pharmacological industry. It reduces cell damages caused by free-radical which are responsible for various ailment like ageing, cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders, atherosclerosis, cataracts and inflammation. At present any comprehensive data on the antioxidant content and extent of their activity of the indigenous medicinal plants of Bangladesh is not available. Therefore, here antioxidant activity of a popular medicinal plant -Ficus racemosa was determined. Methanolic extract was prepared from the leaf and stem bark of F. racemosa. Their total phenolics and free radical scavenging capacity was determined using folin-ciocalteu reagent (FCR) assay and DPPD-radical scavenging assay respectively. Stem bark and leaves of F. racemosa contains 242.97 and 235.45 mg of GAE / gm of dried extract of phenolics respectively. Current studies also show that F. racemosa barks contain a high antioxidant activity. IC 50 value of bark extract was found to be 19µg/ml which is even better that of the standard BHT. Therefore, present studies suggest that F. racemosa bark has a huge potential in terms of commercial use as source of antioxidant.Key word: Ficus racemosa, plant extract, phenolic conttent, antioxidant. mvivsk: cÖ K… wZZ ‡Z¡ ( †bPv ‡ivc¨v_x ‡Z) A¨vw›UAw· ‡W›U GKwU mv¤úª wZK AvKl© Y Ges eZ© gv ‡b cÖ mvab, cy wó mn ‡hvMx Ges Jlawk ‡í Gi cÖ Pz i Pvwn`v i ‡q ‡Q| Giv †` ‡ni Af¨šÍ ‡i cÖ wZwbqZ m" ó gy ³ AYy KZ… © K m" ó †Kvlxq ¶wZ (W¨v ‡gR) n« vm K ‡i, hv wewfboe kvwiwiK Amȳ' Zv †hgb eqme" w×, K¨vÝvi, ü` ‡ivM, Wvqv ‡ewUm, ¯oe vhy ‡ivM, nvo ¶q, Qvwb I cÖv ‡ni Rb¨ `vqx| Ghver ch© šÍ evsjv ‡`kx Jlwa Dw™¢mg ‡n we`¨gvb A¨vw›UAw· ‡W ‡›Ui cÖ K… wZ Ges Zvi Kvh© KvwiZv m¤ú ‡K© cwicỸ© †Kvb avibv †bB| ZvB GLv ‡b GKwU RbwcÖ q Jlax Dw™¢ Wz gy i (dvBKvm †iwm ‡gvmv) Gi A¨vw›UAw· ‡W ‡›Ui Kvh© KvixZv hvPvB Kiv n ‡q ‡Q| GB Kv ‡Ri Rb¨ Wz gy i Mv ‡Qi cvZv I evKj Gi wg_vbj wbh© vm ˆZwi Kiv n ‡q ‡Q Ges Zvi g ‡a¨ we`¨gvb m¤úỸ© ‡dbj Dcv`v ‡bi cwigvY I Zvi gy ³ AYy i AcmviY ` ¶Zv cwigvc Kiv n ‡q ‡Q h_vµ ‡g dwjb-K¨vjPz cwi ¶Y I wWwcwcGBP-gy ³ AYy i AcmviY ` ¶Zv cwi ¶Y Gi gva¨ ‡g| Wz gy i Mv ‡Qi evKj I cvZvi cÖ wZ MÖ vg ﮋ wbh© v ‡m h_vµ ‡g 242.97 Ges 235.45 wg.MÖ v. mgcwigvY wRGB ‡dbwjK Dcv`vb i ‡q ‡Q| cix ¶ ‡Y †`Lv hv ‡"Q †h, Wz gy i Mv ‡Qi evK ‡ji D"P A¨vw›UAw· ‡W›U Kvh© KvwiZv i ‡q ‡Q| Gi evK ‡ji IC 50 gvb 19 gvB ‡µvMÖ vg/wgwj wjUvi hv GgbwK GB cix ¶ ‡Y e¨eüZ ÷¨vÛvW© weGBPwU Gi ‡P ‡q fv ‡jv| my Zivs, GB cix ¶Y GUv cÖ gvY K ‡i †h, A¨vw›UAw· ‡W ‡›Ui Drm wnmv ‡e evwYwR¨K e¨env ‡ii † ¶ ‡Î Wz gy i Mv ‡Qi evK ‡ji cÖ Pz i m¤¢ vebv i ‡q ‡Q|
The morphologies of the three freshwater stentorid ciliates in Korea, Stentor coeruleus (Pallas, 1766); Stentor muelleri Ehrenberg, 1831, and Stentor tartari Murthy & Bai, 1974, were investigated based on live observations and protargol impregnation. The Korean population of S. tartari exhibits the following characteristics: body size 200–355 × 85–135 µm in vivo, 62–106 somatic kineties, 8–13 peristomial kineties, 110–180 adoral membranelles, mostly two macronuclear nodules and 5–18 micronuclei, reddish and colorless cortical granules and the presence of symbiotic algae. We identified S. tartari based on unique characteristics compared to close congeners. Korean populations of S. coeruleus and S. muelleri are congruent with previously described populations in most aspects of their morphologies. Here, for the first time, we report molecular gene sequence information for S. tartari. Small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequence-based phylogeny indicates that S. tartari, which has multiple macronuclei, forms a monophyletic group with other Stentor species having a single macronucleus. Our findings based on morphology and SSU rRNA gene sequence information corroborate the hypothesis that the elongated macronucleus evolved from the compact single or multi macronucleus state.
The morphology and morphogenesis of Rigidohymena inquieta (Stokes, 1887) Berger, 2011, isolated from a lawn soil in the campus of the University of Ulsan, Korea, was studied, using live observation and protargol impregnation. The molecular phylogeny was studied based on the SSU rRNA gene sequences. The morphology of the Korean population of R. inquieta matches the previously known populations; however, the morphogenetic pattern shows differences to the species R. candens in the involvement of cirrus V/3 in the anlagen formation. A novel genus namely Metahymena gen. nov. has been erected for the present species based on the ontogenetic difference, and the new combination Metahymena inquieta gen. nov., comb. nov. is proposed. The morphology, morphogenesis, distribution, and phylogeny of M. inquieta are presented. The morphologic and morphogenetic data corroborate the phylogenetic analyses as M. inquieta clusters among the stylonychid ciliates in a clade distant from Rigidohymena candens.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.