Absolute cross sections for and formation from by electron impact have been measured in the energy range from below the respective ionization or dissociative ionization thresholds to approximately 2500 eV. The animated crossed-beams method has been employed. The cross sections at the maximum are found to be and , for these reactions respectively and the corresponding threshold energies are determined to be and . From an energy analysis of the collected dissociation products ( and ) the maximum centre-of-mass energy available is found to be and and the width of the Franck - Condon transition band available is found to be and , respectively.

Absolute cross sections for electron impact formation of from and from have been measured in the energy range from below threshold to approximately 2000 eV. The animated crossed beams method has been employed. The cross sections at the maximum are found to be and , respectively, and the corresponding threshold energies are determined to be and . From an energy analysis of the collected dissociation products ( and ), the maximum centre of mass energy available is found to be and , respectively.

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