Background: HELLP is a potentially life-threatening conditions which has some similarity with preeclampsia therefore, it poses a challenging diagnostic and management issues for clinician. It is composed of H=hemolysis, EL=elevated liver enzymes and LP=low platelets. The aims of this study are to assess the prevalence of HELLP syndrome among Saudi Arabian, besides, assessing the risk factors related to it. Methodology: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in kingdom of Saudi Arabia (female who previously get pregnant) from 07/08/2020 till 29/11/2020. The study was depending on using of online questionnaire assessing demographic factors including age and nationality besides disease-related information: Heart disease, Smoker patient, related risk factors of disease and DM patient. Results: We included 457 women who agreed to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. 36.1% of participants were aged between 25-35 years. 13.3% of the sample had reported that they are smokers and 6.1% as X-smokers while 16.8% of the sample had diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of HELLP was 38.3%. It was found that age is not a significant factor in occurrence of HELLP symptoms except in having distribution of liver function (P=0.005). Cardiac diseases are another significant risk factor in developing symptoms of HELLP especially high blood pressure where 46% of patients with cardiac disease reported having high blood pressure during pregnancy with a risk of eight times over those with no cardiac disease (OR=8.03, 95% CI=4.2100 to 15.3, P=0.000) however, it has no significant effect on developing disturbance in liver function. Conclusion: we had found the 38.3% of females in Saudi Arabia had HELLP in their pregnancy, with increase the prevalence of some other conditions including smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and autoimmune diseases which all found to increase the risk for developing HELLP in females. More investigation is needed to explore the same prevalence using hospital based study design.
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH), the most frequent cause of sciatica, is a localized displacement of disc material beyond the usual boundaries of the intervertebral disc space, affecting 1% to 5% of the population yearly. Physiotherapy, medicinal therapy, and/or an epidural corticosteroid injection are nonsurgical first-line therapies for sciatica. However, compared to conservative treatment, surgery provides faster symptom alleviation. Over 40% of patients allocated to conservative treatment require surgery within two years. Nevertheless, surgical intervention in such cases is accompanied by several heated debates. The objective of the study is to look into the published works of literature that evaluated the role of surgery in LDH cases. Articles were selected through the use of the PubMed database in which the following points were put in (("lumbar disc herniation" [Mesh]) AND ("surgical intervention" [Mesh]) OR ("discectomy"[Mesh])). It has been found that surgical intervention in patients with LDH resulted in improved patient-reported outcomes, including subjective work capacity and quality of life, when compared to non-operative treatment. When compared to open discectomy, minimally invasive discectomy is linked to reduced blood loss, shorter operating times with no increase in overall complications that resulted in reoperation or wound infection in LDH cases. However, minimally invasive discectomy comes with a steeper learning curve.
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between different variables (namely: age group, gender, risk factors like smoking history, alcohol consumption, long duration of sitting and standing hours, family history of varicosities, history of leg trauma or surgery, frequent constipation, pregnancy more than once, and hormonal therapies including OCPs) and the presence of varicose veins. Also, the purpose is to determine the prevalence of varicose veins among the sample taken in the study, and the prevalence of the different symptoms and complication among this population. A significant relationship was found between the presence of varicose veins and age group, gender, alcohol consumption, long duration of sitting and standing hours, family history of varicosities, history of leg surgery, frequent constipation, pregnancy more than once, and hormonal therapies including OCPs. The results are concordant, in most parts of this study, with the previous studies in different times and regions, done for the nearly similar purposes.
The main aim of using thermal ablation strategies is to eliminate the targeted malignant cells within a specific volume. However, it should be noted that some researchers have reported the potential limitations of some of these techniques. On the other hand, more updated investigations indicated that these limitations could be overcome by the adjuvant use of other management modalities as chemotherapy. Many limitations have been reported with the modality, including the prolonged therapeutic time. Therefore, cryoablation and microwave ablation techniques were introduced in the literature as safe and efficacious modalities that overcame the limitations of the radiofrequency technique. Overall, percutaneous thermal ablation is associated with favorable outcomes and should be used in clinical settings due to the various advantages that have been reported for the modality, in addition to being less invasive.
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