No abstract

Рабочая группа по реваскуляризации миокарда Европейского общества кардиологов (esc) и Европейской ассоциации кардиоторакальных хирургов (eActs) Разработаны с участием Европейской ассоциации по чрескожным сердечно-сосудистым вмешательствам (eApcI) Авторы/члены Рабочей группы: stephan Windecker* (Председатель esc) (Швейцария), philippe Kolh* (Председатель eActs) (Бельгия), Fernando Alfonso (Испания), Jean-philippe collet (Франция), Jochen cremer (Германия), Volkmar Falk (Швейцария), Gerasimos Filippatos (Греция), christian Hamm (Германия), stuart J. Head (Нидерланды), peter Jüni (Швейцария), A. pieter Kappetein (Нидерланды), Adnan Kastrati (Германия), Juhani Knuuti (Финляндия), Ulf Landmesser (Швейцария), Günther Laufer (Австрия), Franz-Josef Neumann (Германия), Dimitrios J. Richter (Греция), patrick schauerte (Германия), Miguel sousa Uva (Португалия), Giulio G. stefanini (Швейцария), David paul taggart (Соединённое Королевство), Lucia torracca (Италия), Marco Valgimigli (Италия), William Wijns (Бельгия), and Adam Witkowski (Польша). В подготовке данных рекомендаций приняли участие следующие подразделе-ния esc: Ассоциации esc: Ассоциация специалистов по острой сердечно-сосудистой помощи (Acute cardiovascular care Association; AccA), Европейская ассоциа-ция специалистов по методам визуализации сердечно-сосудистой системы (european Association of cardiovascular Imaging; eAcVI), Европейская ассоциа-ция специалистов по сердечно-сосудистой профилактике и реабилитации (european Association for cardiovascular prevention & Rehabilitation; eAcpR), Европейская ассоциация аритмологов (european Heart Rhythm Association; eHRA), Ассоциация специалистов по сердечной недостаточности (Heart Failure Association; HFA). КомитетРабочие группы esc: Сердечно-сосудистая клеточная электрофизиология, Магнитная резонансная томография сердечно-сосудистой системы, Сер-дечно-сосудистая фармакология и медикаментозная терапия, Сердечно-сосудистая хирургия, Коронарная патофизиология и микроциркуляция, Ядер-ная кардиология и КТ сердца, Периферическая циркуляция, Тромбоз, Коро-нарная болезнь сердца.Советы esc: Кардиологическая практика, Первичная сердечно-сосудистая помощь, Уход за сердечно-сосудистыми больными, Смежные профессии.Содержание данных рекомендаций, подготовленных Европейским Общест-вом Кардиологов (european society of cardiology, esc) опубликовано исклю-чительно для использования в личных и образовательных целях. Не допуска-ется коммерческое использование содержания рекомендаций. Рекомендации esc не могут быть переведены на другие языки либо воспроизведены, полно-стью или частично, без письменного согласия esc. Для получения данного согласия письменная заявка должна быть направлена в oxford University press -организацию, издающую european Heart Journal и официально упол-номоченную esc, рассматривать подобные заявки.Отказ от ответственности. Рекомендации esc отражают взгляды esc и осно-ваны на тщательном анализе научных данных, доступных во время подготовки данных рекомендаций. Медицинским работникам следует придер живаться данных реко...

SummaryBackgroundSurgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world.MethodsThis international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231.FindingsBetween Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p<0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p<0·001).InterpretationCountries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication.FundingDFID-MRC-Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trial Development Grant,...

No abstract

Acute cardiovascular care has progressed considerably since the last position paper was published 10 years ago. It is now a well-defined, complex field with demanding multidisciplinary teamworking. The Acute Cardiovascular Care Association has provided this update of the 2005 position paper on acute cardiovascular care organisation, using a multinational working group. The patient population has changed, and intensive cardiovascular care units now manage a large range of conditions from those simply requiring specialised monitoring, to critical cardiovascular diseases with associated multi-organ failure. To describe better intensive cardiovascular care units case mix, acuity of care has been divided into three levels, and then defining intensive cardiovascular care unit functional organisation. For each level of intensive cardiovascular care unit, this document presents the aims of the units, the recommended management structure, the optimal number of staff, the need for specially trained cardiologists and cardiovascular nurses, the desired equipment and architecture, and the interaction with other departments in the hospital and other intensive cardiovascular care units in the region/area. This update emphasises cardiologist training, referring to the recently updated Acute Cardiovascular Care Association core curriculum on acute cardiovascular care. The training of nurses in acute cardiovascular care is additionally addressed. Intensive cardiovascular care unit expertise is not limited to within the unit's geographical boundaries, extending to different specialties and subspecialties of cardiology and other specialties in order to optimally manage the wide scope of acute cardiovascular conditions in frequently highly complex patients. This position paper therefore addresses the need for the inclusion of acute cardiac care and intensive cardiovascular care units within a hospital network, linking university medical centres, large community hospitals, and smaller hospitals with more limited capabilities.