The selection and assessment process of appropriate robots became a more complex and complicated task due to various available alternatives and conflicting attributes which must take into consideration. Also, uncertainty which exists usually in the selection process is an unavoidable component that needs to be thoughtfully measured and traditional multi-attribute decision-making approaches failed to deal precisely with it. Since almost all decisions originate from subjective ordinal preferences, handling uncertainty using linguistic variables is also not enough. Thus, the objective of the current study is to present a new extended ordinal priority approach in the neutrosophic environment for the first time to select an appropriate robot. Since neutrosophic is one of the most effective and accommodating tools for handling uncertainty, thus, this method goes to transform linguistic information into triangular neutrosophic numbers using a new presented scale. This scale was used to determine the importance degree of attributes and alternatives regarding experts' opinions. Also, the score function of the triangular neutrosophic number is used for prioritizing attributes and alternatives. The experts in our proposed method have the same degree of importance, since each expert is a person with special skills and knowledge representing mastery of a particular subject. To measure the applicability and efficiency of the proposed approach, an experimental case study has been established for the robot selection problem of a new pharmaceutical city in Egypt for the first time. The source of data in this case study is experts, interviews, and questionnaires. Also, sensitivity and comparative analysis are further made for verifying the power of the proposed approach. The outcome of this study shows that the suggested approach for robot selection is quite helpful and has a great performance under uncertainty over classical and fuzzy ordinal priority approaches. Also, the suggested approach is less consumption of time and simpler than the fuzzy ordinal priority approach. Therefore, we recommend firms and governments to apply it for increasing product quality, hence the profitability of manufacturing industries and decrease needless costs.
The main aim of the paper is designing and implementing a broadband low-noise-amplifier (LNA) based on compensated matching network techniquein order to get high stable gain, low noise figure, low cost and smaller sizefor 3G/4G communication system applications at 2 GHz with bandwidth 600MHz. The Advanced Design System simulates the proposed circuit (ADS).The implementation was done with a class A bias circuit and a low noise transistor BFU 730F with a lower Noise Figure (NFmin) 0.62 dB. Collectorcurrent is measured to be 5.8mA and base current is 19.1μA with a supply voltage of 2.25V. The new design proposed a (NFmin) of 0.62 dB with a 17.8dB high stable amplifier gain. The microstrip lines (MSL) and compensated matching network techniques were used to improve the LNA’s stability and achieve a good result. The LNA board is implemented and assembled on the FR4 botton layer material. The results are virtually non existence equivalent between the simulated and the measured results.
Background data: The degenerative lumbar diseases form a burden on both the patients and the society. The development of the degenerative process is highly linked to the aging process as discussed by Kirkandly Willis where the degenerative spine passes through 3 phases of process that results in the degenerative diseases. The management of the degenerative spine deformities varies and depends on various factors. Traditional surgical management involves instrumentation, decompression and fusion processes. Oblique Lumbar interbody fusion ‘OLIF’ is a novel technique when used alone as in stand-alone OLIF ‘SA-OLIF’ it could achieve degenerative deformity correction along with neural decompression, however, the final aim of SA OLIF where solid fusion is required still is under evaluation and literature lacks the essential data for this approach. This study aims to assess the fusion of the SA-OLIF in the management of degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Study Design: A Prospective clinical case study. Objective: To assess the fusion rates in patients suffering from degenerative lumbar scoliosis ADS after SA-OLIF. Patients and Methods: Patients with ADS following a specific inclusion criterion underwent SA OLIF. Pre-, and Post-operative clinical data; back and leg pain ‘VAS score’ and ODI, radiological data; for fusion assessment. Intra-operative data: operative time, amount of blood loss, complications ‘intra-operative or post-operative’ and hospital stay were all analyzed and compared statistically. Results: A total of 28 patients and 30 levels were operated by SA OLIF, with mean age 50.54±6.05 included 14 males and 14 females. The mean operative time/min, blood loss/ml and hospital stay/day was 91.29±14.23, 195.54±42.299 and 2.78±0.875 respectively. The mean of Back Pain ‘VAS’, The mean of Leg Pain ’VAS’ and ODI changed from pre-operatively 7.36±0.98, 6.36±0.911and 68.615±8.72 to 4.07±1.01, 2.07±0.9 and 20.23±4.7 in 1-year respectively. In this study we had 92.9% fusion rates after 1-year. Operative complications occurred in 3 cases with segmental artery injury. Post-operative complications were 1 cage dislodgment immediately post-operative and 2 cases of cage subsidence after 1-year. Conclusion: SA OLIF can result in high rates of fusion. There are multiple factors that determine the rate of fusion such as the quality of the vertebrae and endplate preservation during the preparation procedure.
Background Data: The supraorbital eyebrow approach is a minimally invasive keyhole technique that offers wide access to the anterior skull base and parasellar region using the subfrontal corridor, with assistances of neuroendoscopy The approach through the eyebrow permits access to a number of lesions in the subfrontal corridor with minimal brain retraction and a much smaller area of potential injury of main structures. Study Design: This study is a follow up study. Objective: To evaluate the role of supraorbital endoscopic approach for tumors of anterior and middle skull base. Patients and Methods: All the operations were performed at Suez Canal University hospitals, in about 24 months, the first 30 patients having tumors of anterior and middle skull base fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in this prospective study. Results: Endoscopy can play an important role in improving visualization through the keyhole corridor. With the use of neuroendoscopy, the reach of this approach may be extended even further to include the pituitary fossa, the top third of the clivus, the interpeduncular cistern, the anterior third ventricle, and the medial and anterior temporal lobe and middle fossa.The major advantage of the supraorbital over the endonasal route is a simplified skull base closure and reduced risk of postoperative CSF leak. It is a valuable approach for selected patients. Neuromonitoring may further increase surgical safety. Conclusion: The approach through the eyebrow permits access to a number of lesions in the subfrontal corridor With the use of the assisstence of neuroendoscopy, with minimal brain retraction and a much smaller area of potential injury of anatomical structures.
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