Reverse osmosis desalination water plants have several operational issues such as corrosion in many areas like energy recovery devices that are accustomed to restore energy and scale back prices. Thus, there is a necessity to reduce the corrosion rate of the devices utilized in energy recovery. This study focuses on protection of some metals and alloys that are utilized in this industry by introducing a new anticorrosion coating. The new anticorrosion coating was formulated by the interaction of polyaniline and X-type zeolite that is employed as hosting material. Polyaniline was first formulated by conventional oxidation polymerization method of aniline in acidic medium at temperature below 5 °C by using ice bath. Then, ammonium persulphate was used as oxidizer. Numerous characterization techniques were used to demonstrate the encapsulation of polyaniline in X-type zeolite frames such as IR, UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction. The new anticorrosion coating was evaluated by using weight loss technique, Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; all of these techniques showed the effective anticorrosion properties of the prepared coating in which the corrosion rate from the polarization curves results, for all coated samples, was less than the bare ones as it recorded 2.403, 1.094, 23.48, 35.09 MPY for bare 304 and 316 stainless steel, Al and carbon steel, respectively, and 0.3132, 0.2733, 0.2506, 10.81 MPY for the coated samples. Corrosion results showed a noteworthy protection of the tested metals and alloys in saline water coated with the polyaniline/zeolite X.

Purpose: To quantify the impact of immediate reconstruction on radiotherapy planning after modified radical mastectomy & to study radiotherapy complications. Patients and methods:After surgery, patients submitted to adjuvant radiotherapy with irradiation technique assessment using a semi-quantitative score evaluating the design of radiation fields including five objectives: breadth of chest wall coverage, homogeneity, minimization of lung irradiation, avoidance of heart and Dmax. with assessment of radiation morbidity.Results: 30 patients were enrolled at Bristol Haematology & Oncology Centre (UK) and Oncology Department, Ain Shams University hospitals (Egypt) between November 2007 and November 2009, with a mean follow up of 14.4 months. 27 patients (90%) had Latissimus Dorsi flaps & 3 (10%) had TRAM flap. The analysis revealed compromise in 24% of the plans; all are moderate compromise. Reconstruction was noticed to compromise chest wall coverage in 27%. Dose homogeneity, Dmax. and minimizing irradiated lung and heart were not affected. Compromises were more common in left side while complications were grades 1 and 2 without major morbidities. Conclusion:Immediate reconstruction may limit treatment planning of postmastectomy radiotherapy, particularly in providing adequate chest wall coverage; so candidate patients for immediate reconstruction should be aware that the presence of the reconstructed breast could cause technical difficulties.

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