Abstract-Medical experts often examine hundreds of xray images searching for salient features that are used to detect pathological abnormalities.Inspired by our understanding of the human visual system, automated salient features detection methods have drawn much attention in the medical imaging research community. However, despite the efforts, detecting robust and stable salient features in medical images continues to constitute a challenging task. This is mainly attributed to the complexity of the anatomical structures of interest which usually undergo a wide range of rigid and non-rigid variations.In this paper, we present a novel appearance-based salient feature extraction and matching method based on sparse Contourlet-based representation. The multi-scale and directional capabilities of the Contourlets is utilized to extract salient points that are robust to noise, rigid and non-rigid deformations. Moreover, we also include prior knowledge about local appearance of the salient points of the structure of interest. This allows for extraction of robust stable salient points that are most relevant to the anatomical structure of interest.
Machine learning and statistical modeling techniques has drawn much interest within the medical imaging research community. However, clinically-relevant modeling of anatomical structures continues to be a challenging task. This paper presents a novel method for multiscale sparse appearance modeling in medical images with application to simulation of pathological deformations in X-ray images of human spine. The proposed appearance model benefits from the non-linear approximation power of Contourlets and its ability to capture higher order singularities to achieve a sparse representation while preserving the accuracy of the statistical model. Independent Component Analysis is used to extract statistical independent modes of variations from the sparse Contourlet-based domain. The new model is then used to simulate clinically-relevant pathological deformations in radiographic images.
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