BackgroundThis study examined the association between objectively measured physical activity patterns and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Saudi men.MethodsThe study was cross-sectional, and 84 healthy men from the Saudi population (age 37.6 ± 8.8 years, body mass index [BMI] 28.4 ± 5.4 kg/m2) were recruited. Measurements of physical activity were made using triaxial accelerometers over 7 consecutive days of leisure time physical activity. Waist circumference and blood pressure were measured, and fasting blood samples taken to measure glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides (TG).ResultsA total 21.4 % of participants had three or more risk factors for MetS, with low HDL levels the most frequent factor. Light physical activity (LPA) and BMI explained 13 % of the variation in TG. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with a minimum 10-min per session (10-min MVPA), LPA, and BMI explained 16 % of the variation in HDL. Sedentary behavior was not significantly associated with risk factors of MetS, although odds ratios indicated that decreased sedentarism does have a protective effect against MetS.ConclusionsLPA and 10-min MVPA were associated with elevated HDL levels among Saudi men. Future studies should confirm whether time spent physically active independent of intensity is an important factor in improving HDL levels.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between selected major modifiable risk factors including life style habits, household income and smoking on health. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015–2016 among 104 healthy men aged 38 ± 8 years. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that enquired about clinical information about blood pressure and body mass index. Venous blood samples were taken to assess the fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride. Results Current smoking status and consumed energy drinks were significantly positive risk factors for increased systolic blood pressure and FBG, respectively. Participants with monthly income of more than 10,000 Saudi Riyals showed significantly lower diastolic pressure than those with lower income. However, there was a significant decrease in body weight among those who consumed vegetables. Conclusion This study highlights the effect of major modifiable risk factors on health. There is a great need for improving and enhancing a healthy lifestyle behaviour.

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to measure the physiological fitness level of University students Saudi, male, using the European Fitness Test EuroFit. Methods:The study was conducted on 451 Saudi, male, between 18-22 years age students. Physiological fitness was assessed using the eight tests included in the EuroFit battery. Body mass index (BMI) was assessed. Results:The present study showed that, the majority of the participants (55.7%) being within the normal body weight range and there was no significant difference between BMI categories in all components of fitness tests. According to the characteristics of the research sample, development of statistical tables of measurements derived from the process of conducting the EuroFit Fitness tests. Conclusion:To the best of researchers' knowledge, it is the first study evaluated the physiological fitness and investigating the reliability of the Eurofit tests in the Gulf region. The results showed the determination of the students' fitness.

The use of digital technology such as augmented reality AR technology has been an important topic of research in several fields, uncovering diverse benefits regarding its impacts. Although there have been numerous empirical studies on the design and evaluation techniques of the AR approach to enhance physical, cognitive, personal, social abilities in science education, their outcomes varied in different science disciplines, and there is a lack of reviews on how the AR has been applied in the field of science education. The aim of this study is to conduct a scoping review on the positivity of AR applications in science education. This study presents a scoping literature review of 26 studies published between 2015-2020 on AR in science education. The results indicated an overall positive impact of AR in science education. The results from this systematic review are expected to provide valuable information regarding the AR usage in science fields.