Background: Immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a primary autoimmune disease. It is characterized by a diminished peripheral platelet count (< 100 × 10 9 /L) caused by platelet destruction with an increased risk of mucocutaneous bleeding. The diagnosis of ITP depends on clinical characteristics and the laboratory examinations conducted, as well as the ability to exclude other diseases associated with thrombocytopenia. Antiplatelet autoantibodies are responsible for platelet destruction and probably for inhibition of megakaryopoiesis. B lymphocytes participate in immune responses through production of antibodies, antigen presentation to T cells, and cytokine secretion. The aims of this study were to investigate the levels of Bregs and memory B lymphocytes in newly diagnosed pediatric ITP patients and to correlate their levels with the course of the disease.
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