Early and prompt intensive medical therapy in acute drug poisoning can favorably influence the outcome. In addition, the presence of hypotension and requirement of mechanical ventilation on the first two days of hospitalization were responsible for prolonged ICU stay.
BACKGROUND: Stroke mortality and related functional disability have been declining over the last two decades, but stroke continues to represent the second leading cause of cardiovascular death worldwide and the number one cause for acquired long-term disability. OBJECTIVES: Assess short- and long-term health outcomes after acute ischemic stroke and analyze factors associated with poor survival and functional outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective and survival analysis SETTING: Inpatient unit at a tertiary care referral hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke from 1 January 2017 to 31 August 2018 were included in the study. Functional status was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Other demographic and clinical variables were obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards, and the Kaplan-Meier method. Long-term follow-up data, including mortality and mRS was collected by follow-up phone call. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Functional dependency and factors associated with mortality. SAMPLE SIZE AND CHARACTERISTICS: 110 with mean age of 67.0 (14.7) years; 59 patients (53.6%) were males. RESULTS: Hypertension (75.5%), diabetes mellitus (54.6%), and dyslipidemia (29.1%) were common. Sixty-five patients (59.1%) had mRS >2 upon discharge including 18 patients (16.4%) who died during the hospital stay. The cumulative mortality rate was 25.4% (28/110) at 12 months and 30.0% (33/110) at 24 months. Twenty-nine stroke survivors (29/70, 41.4%) remained physically dependent (mRS >2) at the end of follow-up. Old age, atrial fibrillation, history of prior stroke, chronic kidney disease, and peripheral arterial disease were associated with increased mortality and functional dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Patients in Oman with acute ischemic stroke tend to have a high comorbidity burden, and their functional dependency and mortality are higher compared to patients from developed countries. Therefore, evidence-based measures such as establishing stroke units are essential to improve the health outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective at single center. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.
Summary There have been increased reports of orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgery. However, the prevalence, pathophysiology and long‐term outcomes have not been well described. Therefore, we sought to summarize evidence of orthostatic intolerance after bariatric surgery. We conducted a systematic review using PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify relevant articles from the date of inception until 1st April 2020. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment of the included studies were performed independently by two reviewers. The findings of the included studies were narratively reported. When feasible, a meta‐analysis was done to summarize the relevant results. We included 20 studies (n = 19 843 participants) reporting findings of 12 prospective cohort studies, 5 retrospective cohort studies, 2 cross‐sectional studies and one randomized controlled trial. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of orthostatic intolerance was 4.2% (one study). Common clinical presentations of orthostatic intolerance were lightheadedness, dizziness, syncope and palpitation. The pooled data suggested improvement in overall cardiac autonomic function (sympathetic and parasympathetic) post‐bariatric surgery. In addition, a significant systolic blood pressure drop may reflect a reset of the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems after weight loss in the pooled analysis. Existing literature on orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgeries was limited or of low quality, and larger studies are needed to know the true incidence of orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgeries and the pathophysiology. We found one study reporting the 5‐years cumulative incidence of orthostatic intolerance post‐bariatric surgeries as only 4.2%. This could challenge the idea of increased orthostatic intolerance prevalence post‐bariatric surgeries. Registration The review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systemic Reviews PROSPERO (CRD42020170877).
The paper presents laboratory testing approach to evaluate DIF (Drill-In-Fluid) damage and wellbore cleanup effectiveness in open hole horizontal producer wells. It also investigates the fine movement damage and also the side effect of mud cake removal if it is left in wellbore for long period. The formation damage tests were carried out on sandstone core plugs from 3 different formations with permeability varying from several milidarcy to hundreds milidarcy. The WBM (Water Base Mud) was used with mostly consisted of CaCO3, NaCl, and KCl. Prior to formation damage test, critical velocity test was performed to investigate the fine movement damage. The formation damage tests were started by circulating the mud with 300 - 400 psi overbalance across the core plugs to create mud cake. The mud was then displaced by brine 8.8 ppg and high viscosity fluid was circulated to simulate the real condition in field for hole cleaning process. Several mud cake removals were then circulated and soaked for 1 and 5 days in the system. Finally, the oil return permeability was measured and compared with initial permeability. Throughout the study, it is observed that the critical velocity is mainly controlled by the clay content. Porosity and permeability also plays significant role in the plugging behavior due to fine migration. Acid based mud cake removal can enhance the formation permeability if it is allowed to leak-off through the rock matrix. It also depends on the mineral content of the formation (acid soluble minerals). Delayed acid based mud cake removal outperformed other mud cake removals in this study. The most optimum soaking time using the delayed acid based mud cake removal in this study is 1 day. However, there is no permeability impairment identified if the mud cake removal is left up to 5 days.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.