Development of renewable energies and DC loads have led microgrids toward the creation of DC networks. The predictions show that the hybrid microgrids will be used widely in the future. This article has studied the voltage stability in the presence of sources of energy storage in AC/DC hybrid networks. However, because the different dynamics of hybrid networks applying centralized and distributed controllers will be faced with different problems, in this study, a multi-agent control for the microgrid has been used. A new structure referred to here as an event-driven microgrid control management (EDMCM) has been developed to control the microgrid. This method increases response speed and accuracy of decision making. Hybrid Network Simulation results confirm the validity of the developed model.

Summary The role of Demand Side Management programs in maximizing the benefits of electricity market participants is underlined in recent decades. After power system restructuring, Demand Side Management has been divided into Demand response (DR) and energy efficiency programs. Developing Demand Bidding (DB) program enables the widespread participation of smart customers and usually is implemented as a market‐driven program while Emergency Demand Response Program (EDRP) is usually implemented as a reliability‐driven program. The impacts of employing these DR programs, that is, EDRP and DB, on market clearing price have been investigated in this paper. A nonlinear model for DR program is proposed considering both EDRP and DB program. The effectiveness of the proposed model is evaluated on the Garver network and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 30‐bus test system through running a numerical study. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Studying of high-temperature plasmas exposed to strong electromagnetic ?eld is Magneto Hydrodynamics. Also, it is used to obtain an electrical power. This paper proposes a simple model of MHD generator. Moreover, efficiency of different configuration of this generator is obtained by this model. Also, this paper compares different configurations of Faraday generator with the Hall generator based on their isotropic efficiency. Moreover, this model considers the effect of Hall Effect (Ion slip) on the efficiency. This analysis proof that Hall Effect decrease the efficiency in Faraday generator but increase the efficiency in the Hall generator.