Background: The objective of this study was to assess variation in number, size, shape, and location of greater and lesser palatine foramina using multiple anatomical landmarks through data obtained from adult head CT scans. CT skulls of 200 adult persons were included in this study. There were 100 males and 100 females, aged from 22 to 65 years old. An e-film DICOM viewer version 2 was applied to estimate morphological parameters and to calculate the linear measurements related to the greater palatine foramen. Results: On the basis of CT findings, regarding the position of GPF in relation to maxillary molar teeth, the most frequent location was opposite the third maxillary molar (41%). Regarding the dimensions of the GPF, the mean AP diameter was 3.94 ± 1.13 mm on the right side and 4.22 ± 1.21 mm on the left. The mean LM diameter was 2.17 ± 0.59 mm on the right side and 2.28 ± 0.74 mm on the left. It was concluded that the GPF was AP elongated in 90.5% and circular in 9.5% of the examined CT scans. Linear measurements from the center of GPF to surrounding anatomical landmarks were done and showed no statistically significant difference existed between sides, but a statistically highly significant difference existed between males and females. Conclusions: Proper localization of GPF is important to facilitate therapeutic, local anesthetic, and surgical manipulation in the maxillofacial region. Based on CT findings, we demonstrated that the GPF is most often located opposite the M3 in the majority of the cases. The maxillary molars are the best landmarks for locating the GPF.
Background Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a problematic cause of chronic pelvic pain in women. It is thought to result from venous insufficiency of either ovarian or pelvic veins. Patients also present a variety of symptoms including dysuria and dyspareunia as well as vulva and buttock varicosities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of multi-detector CT (MDCT) in diagnosis of PCS. Two hundred patients were included in our study and underwent CT venography of the abdomen and pelvis. Results We performed a prospective comparative study conducted on 200 patients. Thirty patients (15%) were diagnosed as PCS. There were congestion of the ovarian venous plexus and uterine venous engorgement in all patients. Filling of the veins across the midline was noted in 10 patients and filling of the vulval and thigh varicosities was noted in 3 patients. Ten patients had right ovarian vein dilatation; 12 patients had left ovarian vein dilatation; while 8 patients had bilateral ovarian vein dilatation. The right ovarian vein mean diameter (± SD) = 7.1 ± 0.8 mm; while the left ovarian vein mean diameter (± SD) = 7.6 ± 1 mm. Left ovarian venous reflux was found in 6 cases while no pathological reflux depicted on right side. Conclusions CT venography is considered as one of the initial investigations for the diagnosis of PCS in female patients with chronic pelvic pain making the further assessment by ovarian venography is for interventional management of diagnosed cases.
Background Postoperative hemorrhage is a potential complication of tonsillectomy, and early diagnosis and adequate management are mandatory to prevent hemorrhagic shock. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of transcatheter embolization of recurrent post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage by using N-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate. Results We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records, imaging findings, technical details, and clinical outcome of eight patients with delayed post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage who underwent endovascular embolization. All patients were followed up; technical and clinical successes of treatment were evaluated. All patients had arterial pseudoaneurysm as a source of bleeding. The injured artery was facial artery in four patients, lingual artery in three patients, and linguofacial trunk in one patient. All lesions were treated by endovascular embolization using NBCA glue. All patients were successfully embolized with no clinical complications. In one patient with pseudoaneurysm at the ostium of the facial artery, after filling the pseudoaneurysm with glue, inadvertently proximal reflux into the adjacent part of the external carotid artery (ECA) occurred leading to its occlusion with no related immediate or delayed complication. Conclusion Endovascular embolization is an effective and almost safe procedure in the management of recurrent post-tonsillectomy bleeding. In such cases, we can use NBCA glue with certain precautions as an effective appropriate embolizing agent.
Background A well-functioning vascular access is a mainstay to perform an efficient hemodialysis procedure. Limited lifespan of arteriovenous accesses is one of the major challenges of the current long-term hemodialysis therapy. Vascular access-related morbidity accounts for up to 50% of total dialysis patient’s costs. The pediatric vascular access clinical guidelines published by the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative recommend establishing a surveillance strategy to detect access stenosis and direct patients for early intervention. The aim of this study was to test the role of using the color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) as a surveillance method for arteriovenous fistulae in children on regular hemodialysis and its value for detecting the early vascular access failure or dysfunction to avoid access loss. Results During 10-month duration, we prospectively conducted surveillance for 30 patients on regular hemodialysis through arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) as a vascular access, clinical assessment of AVF and radiological examination using CDU of the upper limbs. Their ages were ranging from 2 to 18 years with 1:1 male: female ratio. Doppler indices were measured in the afferent arteries, at the site of anastomosis, and the draining veins. AVF stenosis was the highest among all the detected complications (n = 9, 30%), aneurysm and pseudoaneurysmal formation (n = 8, 26%) anastomoses diameter reduction in 16.6%, and it was correlated with the dialysis adequacy measured through the Kt/v. Other complications were thrombosis (n = 2, 6.7%), central venous stenosis (n = 2, 6.7%), steal syndrome (n = 1, 3.3%) and calcifications in (n = 1, 3.3%). In total, 26% of the patients have more than one malfunction. Only one case has access failure a month after CDU examination. Conclusion In conclusion, among pediatric patients CDU can detect early stenosis of AVF in children, which can affect the dialysis adequacy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.