Red ginger (Zingiber officinale) contains many chemical compounds that have many activities. This study aims to determine the active compounds of Zingiber officinale and immunomodulatory activity that can increase the phagocytosis of macrophage cells and lymphocyte cell proliferation. Red ginger extract compounds were identified using GC-MS. The parameters of immunostimulatory activity were macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation, the preparations were made in several extract concentrations. This research is an experimental study in the laboratory. The research included fresh red ginger, made into ethanol extract, dried. The results were made a suspension, the extract was then given to macrophage cells (phagocytosis testing) and lymphocyte cells (proliferation testing) in vitro to test the immunomodulatory effect. The results showed that the most active extract in macrophage phagocytosis activity was the extract concentration of 500 ppm. While the activity of lymphocyte proliferation was shown by the concentration of group A (Cell, 500 ppm extract, MK, Engerik). The active compound contained in the ethanol extract of red ginger is thought to be Geraniol
The use of food additives (BTP) in the food production process needs to be jointly monitored, both by producers and by consumers. The impact of its use can be either positive or negative for the community. This community service activity uses the educational socialization method by conducting counseling and demonstrations on how to make a dragon fruit peel formalin spray kit as a simple way to identify formalin in food. The purpose of this community service is to find out whether waste from dragon fruit peel can be used as a test tool for the formalin content of food preparations in food preparations. The results of Community Service obtained a good knowledge category with the achievement of participants' knowledge levels before counseling and demonstration in the less (26.7%) sufficient (40%) and good (33.3) categories, after the extension the results of the category increased significantly, namely less 0 ( 0%), sufficient (13.4%), and good (86.6%).
Pharmacy installations play an important role so that quality health services can be provided in hospitals. To improve these health services, a hospital development strategy is needed. SWOT analysis is an analysis in determining strategy, acting as a tool to minimize existing weaknesses and reduce the impact of threats that arise and must be faced. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the pharmaceutical installation development strategy on human resources in hospitals using the SWOT method. This research is a descriptive study conducted in the form of a literature study. This research stage begins by collecting, analyzing and interpreting data while data is obtained from journals that discuss SWOT analysis in hospital pharmacy installations. The following are the results of the research obtained: in literature I, it is known that development strategies affect HR, they have behaved professionally by providing information, education, and counseling services well; in literature II, it was found that there was an influence of development strategies on human resources, making them experienced and skilled but communication with patients was still quite low; while in literature III, the development strategy has an effect on human resources, but there are still weaknesses in the field of communication and direct service to patients. This study concludes that the development strategy has an effect on HR, in literature I it has been carried out well, while in literature II and literature III it has not been carried out well, in terms of service quality and communication with patients.
Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit oxidation reactions by binding to free radicals and highly reactive molecules. Bintangur contains saponins, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. In the presence of flavonoids, the purpose of this study is to understand the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts against DPPH free radicals, and the IC50 parameter has the highest antioxidant activity. Use ethanol to macerate Bintangur leaf powder. Analyze the content of secondary metabolites in ethanol extracts. Use a spectrophotometer to test the antioxidant activity of the obtained extract against DPPH free radicals at a wavelength of 517 nm, and determine the IC50 value. Routine was used as a positive control in this study. The results of three repeated studies showed that the IC50 values of the ethanol extract were 65.49 ppm, 65.76 ppm, and 65.76 ppm, respectively. Average IC50 value is 55.67 ppm.
Coronavirus 2019 or COVID-19 is a pandemic that has resulted in high mortality rates in various parts of the world. Good knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic and clean and healthy living behavior as an effort to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 is important to implement. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and actions about COVID-19 among students of the Department of Pharmacy, Poltekkes, Ministry of Health, Medan. This research method uses a descriptive survey with simple random sampling technique. The characteristics of the respondents, totaling 146 people, were obtained online with the criteria for male-female 111 people and male 34 people. For the level of knowledge, the most answered statements for positive statements were statements Strongly Agree (SS) by 70.5%, namely the statement "COVID-19 first emerged from China". Attitude level (SS) is 50% in the statement "Knowing that the spread and transmission of COVID-19 can be through the air, you try to reduce activities outside the home", and Action, positive statement (SS) is 65.1% in the statement "Efforts can be made to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19 is by social distancing and implementing Health Protocols” The conclusion of this study is that the level of knowledge, attitudes, and actions of students(i) towards COVID-19 prevention, are 84,23% (good), 85.53% (good), and 83.64. % (good).
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