Research on vocational rehabilitation in Kuwait is limited, in part, due to the availability of instruments validated for use in Arab countries. The purpose of this study was to adapt the Knowledge Validation Inventory (KVI) for use in Arabic populations and to determine the psychometric characteristics of the adapted inventory for assessing the training needs of vocational rehabilitation service providers in Kuwait. The Knowledge Validation Inventory-Arabic Version (KVI-A) was administered to a convenient sample of 764 service providers from Kuwait special schools. Internal consistency for the three scales of the KVI-A ranged from .94 to .97. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct factors: (a) assessment and career counseling; (b) resources and services of rehabilitation; (c) counseling theories, techniques, and applications; (d) medical, environmental, and functional implications of disability; (e) case management; and (f) techniques and strategies of disability prevention and working effectively. Years of experience, job title, and service provider qualifications predicted training needs scores. Significant differences in knowledge domains and training needs were obtained across the identified predictor variables. Evidence suggests that the KVI-A is applicable for use in primarily Arab countries. The knowledge domains identified can be used to develop a training curriculum and certification credentials for Kuwait.
The study aimed to identify the role of universities in providing their students with leadership skills in the Sultanate of Oman (University of Nizwa as a model). The descriptive approach was used, and a questionnaire of parts was developed. The first one is about the basic information and the other one is about the role of the universities in the Sultanate of Oman (University of Nizwa as a model). It consisted of (4) dimensions; (planning, time management, communication, problem-solving and decision-making). The study sample consisted of (443) male and female students, with a rate of (8.47%) from the local community. The results concluded that the role of the University of Nizwa in providing its students with leadership skills in the Sultanate of Oman came to a medium degree. The third dimension, communication and communication came in the first place to a large extent, and the first dimension, planning came in the last rank and to a medium degree. The results also showed that there were no significant Statistical significance differences of the estimates of the study sample according to the gender variable in the total score, and in all dimensions of the study. Moreover, it showed the absence of statistically significant differences for the variable (educational qualification) in the total score and all dimensions, and the presence of statistically significant differences for the school year variable in the total score, and the first dimension, planning in favor of the foundation year. In the light of these results, some recommendations were made, including, designing training programs to provide students with various leadership skills, as well as including theoretical and practical leadership skills in university courses. Also preparing training workshops for academics on mechanisms and methods for developing students' leadership skills.
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