AIM:The seeds of the Nigella sativa plant have been used to promote health and fight disease for centuries, especially in the Middle East and in Southeast Asia. This plant has been a focus of much research. This clinical study was undertaken to know the adjuvant effect of N. sativa oil on various clinical and biochemical parameters of the insulin resistance syndrome.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary health care center in North India. After confirmation of diagnosis, 60 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Written informed consent was taken from all the patients enrolled. Approval from the institutional ethical committee was also obtained. The patients were divided into two groups of 30 each. In group I (the standard group), patients were advised tablet atorvastatin 10 mg once a day and tablet metformin 500 mg twice a day for a period of 6 weeks. In group II (the N. sativa group), the patients were advised tablet atorvastatin 10 mg once a day, tablet metformin 500 mg twice a day, and N. sativa oil 2.5 ml twice daily for a period of 6 weeks. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose, fasting lipid profile, and waist circumference were recorded before therapy and after completion of therapy.RESULT:The treatment group showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement with reference to total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and fasting blood glucose (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:N. sativa oil was found to be effective as an add-on therapy in patients of insulin resistance syndrome. N. sativa oil has a significant activity in diabetic and dyslipidemic patients.
Statins are one of the most commonly used drugs in the world based on their potential to prevent adverse cardiovascular events. These cholesterol-lowering drugs received a US Food and Drug Administration warning, in February 2012, regarding increased risk of incident diabetes and impaired glycemic control in patients who already have diabetes. The possible association of diabetes with statin therapy has started a wave of discussion in the medical community. A number of meta-analyses conducted in recent years have demonstrated that the association is real although causality has not been proved yet. Individual statins differ with respect to their diabetogenic property; women and elderly persons appear to be at increased risk. Various aspects of statin's adverse effect on glycemic control remain to be explored. As further research in this area continues, physicians might still take some precautions to make risk benefit ratio more favorable for the patients.
Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become one of the major causes of mortality among the Indian population. The costs of anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and fibrinolytic drugs that are used to treat various thromboembolic disorders and used as prophylactics for individuals at high risk of CVDs vary widely in the Indian pharmaceutical market. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost variation of different brands of drug formulations and to compare the branded prices of the formulations with their corresponding generic and ceiling prices. Materials and methods This study followed an analytical method. Costs of various drugs were obtained from the October-December 2019 edition of the Current Index of Medical Specialities (CIMS) and December 2019 edition of the Monthly Index of Medical Specialities (MIMS) India. Cost ratio and percentage variation in cost per tablet/capsule/injection of different drugs available in the Indian market and manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies were calculated. Comparison of the branded prices with generic and ceiling prices was also performed for different drugs by using information available from official websites. Results Percentage variation in cost among the commonly prescribed drugs for the management of thromboembolic disorders was found to be highest for prasugrel 10 mg tablet (1,408.44%) while it was lowest for fondaparinux 2.5 mg / 0.5 ml injection (20%). Among the commonly prescribed drugs that are under Drugs Prices Control Order (DPCO) price control, streptokinase 1.5 MIU injection had the highest cost variation (132.02%) while enoxaparin 60 mg / 0.6 ml injection had the lowest (4.99%). Among some of the important formulations under the Jan Aushadhi scheme (JAS), acenocoumarol 2 mg tablet had the highest cost variation (680.09%) and cilostazol 50 mg tablet had the lowest (55.46%). Conclusions Wide differences exist in the costs of various anticoagulants, antiplatelets, and fibrinolytics available in the Indian market. The prescribing physician should be aware of theses variations and prescribe medicines accordingly, keeping in mind the financial status of the patients.
Objectives Data from point prevalence surveys (PPSs) in India are scarce. Conducting PPSs is especially challenging in the absence of electronic medical records, a lack of dedicated resources and a high patient load in resource-poor settings. This multicentre survey was conducted to provide background data for planning and strengthening antimicrobial stewardship programmes across the country. Methods This inpatient PPS was conducted over 2 weeks in May 2019 simultaneously across five study centres in India. Data about patient characteristics, indications for antimicrobials use and details of each antimicrobial prescribed including supportive investigation reports were collected in predesigned forms. Results A total of 3473 admitted patients in wards and ICUs were covered across five study centres. Of these, 1747 (50.3%) patients were on antimicrobials, with 46.9% patients being on two or more antimicrobials. Out of the total antimicrobials prescribed, 40.2% of the antimicrobials were prescribed for community-acquired infection requiring hospitalization followed by surgical prophylaxis (32.6%). Third-generation cephalosporins and drugs from the ‘Watch’ category were prescribed most commonly. Only 22.8% of the antimicrobials were based on microbiology reports. Conclusions The survey demonstrated a high use of antimicrobials in admitted patients with a considerable proportion of drugs from the ‘Watch’ category. The targets for interventions that emerged from the survey were: improving surgical prophylaxis, decreasing double anaerobic cover, initiating culture of sending cultures and de-escalation with targeted therapy.
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