No abstract

No abstract

Introduction: Although widespread, BCC is still relatively poorly understood in regards to pathogenesis and prognosis, particularly the lesions formed on anatomical sites away from sun exposure. With the aim of deepening our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinico-pathological correlations of BCCs, we conducted this study. Methods: Tissue blocks and data of 52 Egyptian patients diagnosed with BCC were retrieved for clinical information and inclusion criteria, then re-examined histologically; p16 immunostaining was carried out and evaluated for analysis and comparison between the two groups, i.e., sun-exposed and sun-protected. Results: Sex, age, clinical suspicion, tumor size, recurrence status, and histologic variants did not show a significant difference between the sun-protected and sun-exposed groups; however, the mean ages recorded were 67.2 vs. 62.7 for the sun-protected and sun-exposed groups, respectively. A total of 52% of BCCs were positive for p16. The sun-protected lesions showed p16 positivity in 61% of cases, whereas 49% of the sun-exposed lesions were positive with no significant difference. There was a significant difference in p16 expression between the recurrent and non-recurrent lesions. Conclusions: A significant difference was seen in the case of cancer recurrence, where all the recurrent BCCs in this study demonstrated negative p16 immunostaining of the primary lesions; however, the positively stained cases in total were 52% of BCCs. The mean patient age of the sun-protected group was much higher than in previous peer studies. We assume that the biological, prognostic, and clinical aspects of p16 protein expression in BCCs are still far from being clearly understood. Further studies are highly recommended, with more focus on its role in the pathogenesis and the prognostic factors.

Background: T. gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that can establish a latent infection in the central nervous system that may develop into chronic inflammation resulting in neurobehavioral problems in the host. The processes behind these alterations are still largely mysterious. Objective: Detection of behavioral, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in mice infected by T. gondii Me49 strain. Material and Methods: A total of 105 adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into 60 used for experimental infection, and 45 as control. Assessment of physical appearance was monitored for acute toxoplasmosis daily for three weeks post infection (PI). Correlation between behavior changes and the degree of infection was conducted by measuring histopathological (H&E and silver stain) and immunohistochemical (presence or absence of CD3, CD138 and caspase-3 immunoreactive cells) parameters weekly starting from 7 th week to the 12 th week PI. Results: Infected mice had neurobehavioral problems. Variable degrees of perivascular and interstitial inflammatory infiltrates, astrocytosis, deteriorated neurons, and meningitis were demonstrated by histopathology when compared to uninfected controls. Inflammatory cells (mainly lymphocytes) entered the parenchyma at mild, moderate, and severe levels in the brains of infected mice. Immunohistochemical assessment of CD3, CD138 and caspase-3 revealed a substantial increase in CD3 expression by clusters of activated astrocytes in the cerebral parenchyma, suggesting an increase in astrocyte numbers and function that was progressive over time. CD138 and caspase-3 immunoreactivity showed decreased expression by the activated astrocytes. Conclusion: Chronic toxoplasmosis causes deterioration in cognitive and emotional behavior of the infected host, resulting in neuropsychiatric and behavioral disturbances.

BACKGROUND Sinonasal masses are commonly seen lesions in ENT practice with multiple aetiological factors. We wanted to study the clinico-pathological features of nasal mass specimens in a tertiary hospital and evaluate the utility of routine histopathological examination of the surgically removed nasal tissue specimens. METHODS All the histologically examined specimens of patients clinically presenting with nasal or sinonasal lesions over a period of one year were retrospectively studied and analyzed. RESULTS Out of total 36 patients with masses, 21 were males (58.3 %) and 15 (41.7 %) were females. The age ranged from 10 to 75 years with a mean age of 31.4 years and maximum patients were in the third decade (37.5 %). The most common presenting clinical symptom was nasal obstruction that was seen in 33 patients (91.6 %). Computed tomography (CT) scan was done in 94.5 % of cases prior to the surgical intervention. One fifth of the sinonasal lesions were neoplastic as per histopathology examination. The clinicopathological agreement percentage for detection of the nature of the nasal mass was 88.9 %. The applied interrater reliability in Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) showed moderate agreement (0.55). CONCLUSIONS The clinical similarity between the histologically different lesions is common and may lead to improper management; so, correlation of clinical, radiologic and pathologic features is of utmost importance for accurate diagnosis and the policy of discarding a surgically removed nasal lesion which clinically appears unremarkable should be totally avoided. KEY WORDS Nasal Polyp, Pathology, Sinonasal Carcinoma

No abstract

he current study was accomplished to determine the effect of pre-calving administration of vitamin E on post-partum performance of buffalo cows. Fifteen pregnant buffalo cows of three years age were divided in to 3 groups: Control, treatment (T 1) and treatment (T 2). Control group were given no treatment, T 1 group was given vitamin E (3000 IU/h/d) whereas; T 2 group was given vitamin E (6000 IU/h/d) before 8 week of expected calving even after calving 4 months. Milk yield were different significantly (P ≤ 0.05) among treatment groups. T 1 and T 2 showed (P ≤ 0.05) daily milk yield, being 6.97 and 8.13 kg, respectively. The milk composition was not different (P ≥ 0.05) in all groups. The vaccenic acid and romanic acid was higher in treated groups in comparison with control group. The feed and economic efficiency were higher in treated groups than those of control group. Animal group (T 2) showed the best both feed efficiency and economic efficiency, being 1.618 kg DM per 7% kg FCM and 1.7 (price of milk yield /feed cost), respectively. Generally, vitamin E supplementation to lactating buffalo cows rations especially higher level (6000 IU) improved actual milk yield and increased feed and economic efficiency.

Background: Novel therapies are urgently needed to address the rising incidence and prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can generate extracellular micro vesicles (EVs) with intrinsic protective or regenerative capacity.Objectives: Studying the possible role of EVs generated from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSCs) in regeneration of kidney tissue in acetaminophen-induced renal failure (RF).Patients and Methods: Twenty four adult male albino rats of a local strain were chosen as an animal model for this study. They were divided into 4 equal groups: control, RF, RF received culture media, and RF received MSCs-derived EVs. Renal failure (RF) was induced by oral administration of acetaminophen. At the end of the experiment (24 days), blood samples were obtained for serum creatinine, urea, malodialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Animals were sacrificed, and kidney tissue was obtained for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical examination for BAX protein expression, in addition to BCL2 gene expression by real time (RT) PCR.Results: There was a significant decrease in BCL2 gene expression in addition to significant increases in serum creatinine, urea, MDA and TNF-α in acetaminophen-treated group. There was an increased BAX protein expression by immunohistochemistry in acetaminophen-treated group. There were significant increase in BCL2 gene expression, and significant decreases in serum creatinine, urea, MDA and TNF-α in MSCs-derived EVs -treated group. There was a decrease in BAX protein expression by immunohistochemistry in MSCs derived EVs -treated group. Conclusion:BM MSCs-derived (EVs) have a role in regeneration of kidney tissue in acetaminopheninduced renal failure through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.