Human resources for health have many diverse aspects that sometimes bring about conflicts in the healthcare market. In recent decades issues such as attrition, migration, and different types of imbalances in health workers were not only considered as international problems, but also took on new particular dimensions and complications. Rapid growth in establishing infrastructure of communications and many diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS and malaria, as well as shortages in skilled healthcare providers in developing countries, interested many health economists and health professionals to consider telemedicine as an approach to deliver some healthcare and to pursue its effects on human resources management in healthcare. The objective of this communication is to offer a better understanding of the value of telemedicine in human resources management in healthcare. This article briefly reviews related literature on potential contributions of telemedicine in mitigating four different types of imbalances in health workers and points out some of its capabilities. Although there is a great need for systematic, scientific, and analytical studies in effects of telemedicine on health workers, expansion of communication infrastructure throughout and especially in remote areas, political commitment, and provision of useful information and education to reduce problems of human resources for health are beneficial.
Use your device to scan and read the article online Objectives Elderly people are at the highest risk for falling. In order to design and implement effective interventions and reduce the incidence of falling and its resulting injuries, the relative importance of each risk factor should be determined. This study aimed to determine how frequently different factors contribute to falls among the elderly served by one home health agency in Tehran. Methods & MaterialsThis study was a descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study. A total of 400 elderly were selected through random cluster sampling method from all 22 districts of Tehran City, Iran. The study data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire of falling risk factors. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: first, demographic questions and second, questions related to falling in 7 dimensions (including 60 questions). The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS (V. 19) through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results In this study, female samples were 52.5% of the participants (n=400) and the elderly mean±SD age was 78±8 years. The total frequency of falling among the elderly was 28% (112 out of 400). Among the elderly who had fallen (n= 112), 64 (57.1%) of them were female and their Mean±SD age was 80±7.5 years. About 82% of them fell down inside their homes, with these separate frequencies: bathroom (19.6%), toilet (18%), bedroom (18%), and hall (16%). Parts of the body which were more frequently affected by falls in forms of injuries, bone fractures, dislocations, etc., were the pelvis (26.8%), arms (22.3%) and legs (19.6%). Around 43.8% of the falling among the elderly had led to hospitalization, 44.9%, between 1 and 5 days, 36.7% between 6 and 10 days, and 18.4% between 11 and 15 days. The relationship between falls and the medical, lifestyle, or environmental risk factors was non-significant. Conclusion A high percentage of affected elderly were hospitalized after the incident, and among them a high percentage stayed in the hospital for a long time imposing considerable costs to the health system. Moreover, sensory and neuromuscular risk factors were the most frequent causes of falls which could be prevented by rehabilitation measures. Results showed that people who are afraid of falling have a higher risk of falling which requires adequate and special attention to this psychological risk factor. Compliance with ethical guidelinesThis study is an approved research project (registration code: 31287-38-01-95) supported by
Due to rapid changes of technology and scientific advances in health systems and need for fast planning in health care, entrepreneurial spirit among employers and employees is a crucial element. According to the field of entrepreneurship research has not been solved and where learning and innovation for healthcare organizations due to the nature of the work required.This study aims to examine the entrepreneurial activities within the hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. To achieve the aim of the study, a questionnaire containing 29 items regarding the areas of innovation, creative behavior, flexibility, empowerment, rewarding systems and the management support was distributed among the hospitals’ managers. Establishment of a culture of entrepreneurship in healthcare organizations led to the development unit controlled, changing the culture of the hospital.The analysis of the data showed that the majority of the managers agreed with all five areas of entrepreneurship namely the existence of innovation and innovative behavior, flexibility, decision making, rewarding and encouraging system, as well as management supportive system of personnel’s new ideas. In fact, the managers generally had positive attitude towards entrepreneurship in their organizations The Pearson correlation test also showed that there is a significant relationship between the areas of entrepreneurship and the managers’ age as well as their working experience (P<0.05).Entrepreneurial activities in healthcare can be improved through providing a suitable environment, adjusting reward and encouragement systems, giving more authority to subordinates, promoting awareness and education, and mobilizing managers to attract appropriate opportunities for organization. Further active involvement of employees, more stable in front of changes and increased ability managers to capture opportunities in domestic and foreign situation.
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