Panyabungan is one of the districts in Mandailing Natal regency which is an endemic area of malaria. The number of Malaria cases until 2013 reached 36.6 ‰ in 2879 positive cases. This study aimed to determine factors related to the malaria’s occurrence. This research was observational analytic study with case control design, analyzed by logistic regression.. The result of study indicated that the area of study was in the plateu, the average of temperature and humidity is 30.8 ° C and 66.7% during the day but the everage at night is on 27.2 ° C and 71.7. Factors which significantly associated with the occurence of malaria were the use of mosquito nets (p value: 0.000; OR: 3.573 ; 95% CI: 1.732 to 7.373), the use of anti-mosquito substance (p value: 0.029; OR: 2.719; 95% CI: 1.087 to 6.798), had activity outside of the house at night (p value: 0.01; OR: 3.254; 95% CI: 1.563 to 6.777), the use of long clothes (p value: 0.013; OR: 2.474; 95% CI: 1.205 to 5.076) and the presence of stagnant water (p value: 0.033; OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.06 to 5.118). The dominant risk factors was not using mosquito nets at night.
Pediculosis capitis merupakan infestasi ektoparasit spesies pediculus humanus capitis yang hidup di kulit kepala manusia dan dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah bagi penderitanya. Penularannya dibagi menjadi dua yaitu melalui kontak langsung dan tidak langsung. Personal hygiene dan tingkat pengetahuan merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya pediculosis capitis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan personal hygiene dengan kejadian pediculosis capitis pada santriwati di Pondok Pesantren Binaul Ummah, Bantul, DIY. Metode: Desain yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik total sampling yaitu sebanyak 55 santriwati. Hasil penelitian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi square. Hasil: Karakteristik responden umur terbanyak adalah 13 tahun (36,4%) dan kelas terbanyak adalah kelas VIII (41,8%). Santriwati yang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan rendah (56,4%) dan Personal hygiene tidak baik (63,6%). Kejadian pediculosis capitis positif adalah 74,5%. Hasil uji statistik chi square tingkat pengetahuan p value = 0,034 dan personal hygiene p value = 0,028 yang artinya p value <0,05. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan personal hygiene dengan kejadian pediculosis capitis pada santriwati pondok pesantren Binaul Ummah, Bantul, DIY. Peneliti menyarankan bagi pihak pengelola pondok pesantren agar mengupayakan penyediaan fasilitas pos kesehatan pesantren (Poskestren) sehingga para santriwati dapat memperoleh pengobatan maupun informasi kesehatan khususnya mengenai pediculosis capitis.
Environmental health is one of the determinants factors toward the public health status. Transmission of tuberculosis (TB) is influenced by environmental factors. Based on previous TB data in local study, it shows that urban areas (urban) have a high case rate. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the disparity of urban TB sufferers, especially in the city of Yogyakarta based on indicators of the physical environment of the house from the coverage of healthy households. The method of study used is quantitative descriptive analysis of secondary data. The data used were the physical environment of the house which is obtained from healthy housing data and TB prevalence data in Yogyakarta City. The secondary data spread over 18 Public Health Center Unit Kota Yogyakarta. The data collected include healthy housing data and BTA (+) cases data in the study scope using total sampling technique. Results: Based on the trend analysis, it was found that there was a significant trend in data. The higher percentage of non-healthy housing coverage wasassociated in line with the higher the TB prevalence rate. It can be concluded that the physical environment factor of the house as an indicator of a healthy housing is closely related to the incidence of TB in Yogyakarta City. Environmental quality studies need to be carried out for comprehensive TB disease control towards elimination (End TB 2030) which is in line with national programs and SDGs goals.
The environmental conditions of Code River were strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities that include industry, hospitals, domestic, and agriculture. The contamination status on the Code River according to BLH Yogyakarta reported in 2014 was heavily polluted based on STORET (≤-31). The riverside community were misusing the river for final disposal site, potentially contaminating it with lead (Pb). Local communities were potentially exposed to Pb toxicity through well water consumption. An Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) study of ingestion exposure of heavy metals was never conducted in the Code Riverside, making it interesting for further studies. The study aimed to determine human health risks of consumption of well water containing Pb in Code Riverside, Yogyakarta City using an observational design with an Environmental Health Risk Assessment approach. There were 9 environmental samples and 47 respondents selected based on certain criteria. Data was collected through environmental inspection and human health assessment, interviews and anthropometric data measurement of respondents. Data was analyzed by univariate (frequency distribution) and EHRA methods. The result showed that the noncarcinogenic risk level of Pb due to well water consumption from majority of research sites have RQ value (Risk Quotient) > 1, which means high potential risk to human health.
Health is a right for every human being. Maintaining, maintaining and improving is a way that health can benefit oneself, family and society. Health behavior can be achieved through awareness as in the application of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) where the principle of implementation is prevention is better than cure. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors associated with clean and healthy living behavior in FKM UAD students. This type of research uses quantitative research with analytical methods and cross sectional research design. The sample of this study was FKM UAD students with a total of 158 students who were carried out using a total sampling technique. The research instrument used was an online questionnaire which was distributed via google form. The data analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Chi Square statistical test. The results of the univariate analysis showed that as many as 127 (80.45%) students, the majority were female, 80 (50.6%) students had pocket money <Rp.1.360.000, as many as 155 (98.1%) students the majority have a positive attitude, and as many as 143 (90.5%) students behave well. While the results of the bivariate analysis obtained sex with clean and healthy living behavior p value = 0.176, pocket money with clean and healthy living behavior p value = 0.582, and attitudes with clean and healthy living behavior healthy p value = 0.260. There is no relationship between gender and clean and healthy living behavior, there is no relationship between pocket money and clean and healthy living behavior and clean and healthy living behavior, no there is a relationship between attitude and clean and healthy living behavior.
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