This experimental work aims to evaluate the efficacy of supplying prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), propylene glycol (PG), or their combination on reproductive performance and some blood parameters of postpartum (PP) Egyptian buffaloes. A total of 32 postpartum Egyptian buffaloes were divided into 4 groups. Buffaloes in group 1 (G1) had no treatment. Group 2 (G2) was injected with PGF2α (at Day 0, calving day) and GnRH (At Day 15 PP). Animals in group 3 (G3) received oral doses of PG (300 ml) at 0-, 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-and 15-days PP. Animals in group 4 (G4) were given combination of G2 and G3 treatments. The results showed a significant improve in all reproductive traits of buffaloes treated with hormones, PG and their combination compared to the control group, exemplified with significant increase in blood total protein, albumin, globulin, total lipid, and cholesterol, and insignificant increase in triglyceride. The levels of creatinine and transaminases were decreased compared to control group. In conclusion, PGF2α + GnRH treatment, PG treatment, or their combination improved the reproductive performance and blood parameters of the postpartum Egyptian buffalo.
Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is common. Maternal thyroid dysfunction is associated with an increased risk of various adverse maternal and child outcomes, including miscarriage, intrauterine growth retardation, hypertensive disorders, preterm delivery, and a decreased child IQ. During pregnancy, profound changes in thyroid physiology occur to provide sufficient thyroid hormone (TH) to both the mother and fetus. There is growing evidence demonstrating that thyroid hormone affects the various components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis Therefore, this study was designed to investigate that maternal Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy impaired feedback mechanisms of the HPA-axis and associated with thyroid disorders and neurobiological alterations in off sprigs. Therefore, 42 female wistar rats (200-250gm) after induction of pregnancy and hyperthyroxinemia and hypothyroxinemia. Their pups were divided into twelve groups (control nonstressed group, control stressed group hyperthyroid non-stressed group, treated non-stressed group, hyperthyroid stressed group, treated stressed group) and (control non-stressed group, control stressed group, hypothyroid non-stressed group, treated non-stressed group, control stressed group, hypothyroid stressed group, treated stressed group). Measurement of some hormones and histological analyses were done and result the induction of hyperthyroidism in mothers was significantly increased of plasma T 4 and increased of plasma TSH levels in all pups group compared with control group. ACTH and Corticosterone increased in stressed group compared to other groups. In addition, hyperthyroid group showed small amount of colloid with irregular structure and architecture of the thyroid gland compared with treated and control group. Also induction of hypothyroidism in mothers was significantly decreased of plasma T 4 and decreased of plasma TSH levels in all pups group compared with control group. ACTH and Corticosterone increased in stressed group compared to other groups. In addition, hyperthyroid group showed small amount of colloid with irregular structure and architecture of the thyroid gland compared with treated and control group, While that in the hypothyroid group; the amount of colloid increased and the height and activity of the follicular epithelium decreased, where as in the treated group the amount of colloid increased (abundant basophilic colloid) and the height and activity of the follicular epithelium increased. In conclusion, the effects of maternal stress exposure during pregnancy on HPA-axis regulation and anxiety-like behavior can be transferred via the maternal line to its offspring.
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