AIM:To compare the use of vildagliptin and sulfonylurea with or without metformin in Indian Muslim patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, fasting during Ramadan. METHODS:This was a 4-wk, multicenter, non-interventional, open-label, observational study. Incidence of hypoglycemic events (HEs), adverse events, and changes in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose and body weight were measured pre-and post-Ramadan. RESULTS:Totally, 97 patients were recruited and all completed the study (vildagliptin group, n = 55; sulfonylurea group, n = 42). HEs were reported in low Key words: Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors; Fasting hypoglycemia; Sulfonylurea; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Vildagliptin Core tip: Management of glycemic control in diabetes patients fasting during Ramadan has been recognized as a critically important health challenge worldwide. India has the world's second largest diabetes population and caters large Muslim community; however, there is limited data available exploring the effect of treatments
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