Background. Early childhood caries is a widely prevalent disease throughout the world. It is necessary to treat this condition in early childhood; however, child behavior management may be particularly challenging during treatment. To overcome this challenge, we used Carigel to remove caries and RelyX Unicem resin cement for strip crown restoration. It not only has the desired aesthetic effect but is also more effective for primary teeth, which are used for a shorter period than permanent teeth are. Case Presentation. We report a case of three pediatric patients with early childhood caries, in whom caries was removed by using Carigel to avoid the risk of pulpal exposure associated with high-speed handpieces. Subsequently, aesthetic restoration was performed using strip crown with RelyX Unicem self-adhesive resin cement. Conclusion. RelyX Unicem has the following advantages: (1) not requiring have any special skills for the dentist for performing the procedure, (2) decreased occurrence of bubbles during injection of the cement, and (3) overall short duration of the procedure. Thus, it is appropriate for the treatment of pediatric patients whose behavior is difficult to manage. However, further studies are required in order to establish the use of RelyX Unicem as a stable restorative material in early childhood caries.

Mandibular step osteotomy, performed for mandibular prognathism, is a difficult and time-consuming procedure. Virtual computer surgery and computer-aided design & computer-aided manufacturing have demonstrated accurate results in orthognathic surgery, though not used for mandibular step osteotomy yet. In this study, the authors report the case of a 21-year-old man with severe mandibular prognathism, with a reverse overjet of 12 mm. Step osteotomy, a modified method of body osteotomy, was planned virtually and performed using 3-dimensional (3D) printed titanium surgical guides and osteosynthesis plates, using computer-aided design & computer-aided manufacturing. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up, there were no notable complications, and normal healing was observed. Each segment was stably in place with the prefabricated plates. The proximal segments were not sagged medially or laterally. With 3D-printed surgical guides and osteosynthesis plates, intraoperative complications, such as injury to adjacent teeth and nerves, could be avoided. They also showed reasonable accuracy and helped reduce operative time and improve outcomes. Unlike surgical guides made of resin/polyamide, titanium surgical guides can be made thinner, which can reduce the extent of detachment. They also did not undergo any deterioration during the operation. Cutting guides and prefabricated plates using virtual surgical planning and 3D printing have many advantages, including reduced preoperative preparation time and operative time, reduced incidence of intraoperative complications, and improved outcomes. However, limitations still exist and further studies are required.

Advances in computed tomography (CT) technology -from traditional CT to cone beam (CB) CT -have benefitted both the dentists and their young patients. We therefore wanted to determine the prevalence of CBCT use in pediatric dentistry in Korea.Our first approach was to conduct an institutional survey to evaluate the use of CBCT for diagnosing and evaluating dental problems in pediatric patients. Our second approach was to review any articles published during 2002-2011 in the Journal of the Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry that described clinical use of CBCT. The journal articles surveyed indicated that there were three areas in which CBCT was most useful. The most prevalent use was for diagnosis and monitoring of the growth of cystomas and other tumors in the mouth. The second most common use of CBCT was localization of impacted teeth and evaluation of their relations with adjacent teeth. The third use was to observe supernumerary teeth and evaluate their relations with the roots of adjacent teeth.Compared with traditional CT, CBCT has shorter acquisition times and causes less radiation exposure to the patient. There are fewer side effects with CBCT because its accuracy allows minimally invasive treatment for such problems as impacted and supernumerary teeth.