Banten Bay is located in the north of Java Island and influenced by anthropogenic activities around the bay. Increasing population growth and rapid development of industrial and urban activities around the waters of the Banten Bay can lead to an increased input of pollutants in the form of heavy metal in the water body. This study aims to analyze the Pb and Hg levels that accumulate in mud crab (Scylla serrata) in Cengkok coastal waters, Banten Province. Samples of the mud crabs were taken in the waters for six months, from March to August 2019. Analysis of heavy metal concentrations was carried out using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS) AA 7000 series Shimadzu. Heavy metal (Pb and Hg) in the mud crab in Banten Bay were below the specified quality standard. The bio-concentration factor of the mud crab was low (<100). Results of the calculation of the maximum limit of consumption of the mud crab meat (that accumulates heavy metals in the human body) were 3.5 kg of meat/week for adults and 0.9 kg of meat/week for children.Keywords: Crustacean, pollution, limit of consumption.
Increasing number of industries and settlements in Banten Bay were subsequently followed by an increase in the amount of waste, whether in the form of solid, liquid or gas that can pollute the environment. One of the toxic pollutants is heavy metal.The entry mechanism of the heavy metal Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) in body of the crab (Portunus pelagicus), namely through the process of digestion food. This study was conducted for 6 months, from March to August 2019, and aimed to analyze the heavy metal content levels (Pb and Hg) and the safe consumption level of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the waters. The heavy metal concentration in the meat was measured through the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) AA 7000 series Shimadzu. The analysis showed that the Pb and Hg contained in the blue swimming crab were still under the quality standards. Also, the bio-concentration factors of the blue swimming crab were low (<100). Water quality data observed as temperature, salinity, TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and transparency stayed in the range of tolerable limits for the survival of marine organisms. Maximum weekly intake calculation refers to the tolerable limits issued by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The JECFA recommends calculating the PTWI of each heavy metal if it accumulates in the human body for methyl mercury 1.6 μg.kg bw.week-1 and for lead not exceed 25 μg.kg bw.week-1. The safety consumption level of blue swimming crab from Cengkok Coastal water was 2.3 kg of meat.week-1 (for adults) and 0.6 kg of meat.week-1 (for children).
Pangandaran Beach Tourism Area is one of leading tourism areas in West Java. During certain period of time, hazard has often cause accidents toward visitors in the area. Therefore, there is a need to identify physical and biological hazards which threaten visitors' safety in order to develop visitor safety management. Research was carried out in June-July 2011, and an update was conducted in January-February 2017, which covered three locations, i.e. Pantai Barat, Pantai Timur, and Pantai Pasir Putih. Field observation, interview with visitors, community and lifeguard, and literature review were employed in data collection. A hundred respondents for each visitor and community was selected using convenient sampling method. The result found rip current, plunging wave, tsunami, earthquake, wave, and tide as physical hazard, while jellyfish, sea snake, sea urchin, lionfish, and stone fish as biological hazard found in the sea, and long-tailed macaque as terrestrial biological hazard. Rip current possessed substantial risk that had to be avoided through the establishment of swimming prohibition area. Visitor's safety management technique option for rip current hazard involved a socialization toward visitors about self-rescue technique in case they are swept by rip current.
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