DEGRADATION OF STANDARD DYES AND TEXTILE WASTEWATER AS A POLLUTANT MODEL USING GAMMA RADIATION.A degradation and a decoloration of textile wastewater using ionizing radiation are already applied which some factors influence i.e. original wastewater, pH, pollutant concentration, solubility and variation of polutant. A dyes standard had been treated using ionizing radiation and the mechanism degradation will be discussed. The percentage of the dye degradation about 90-99% at doses of 2-10 kGy. The degradation of textile wastewater using gamma radiation is was carried out at doses of 25 kGy. The combination of irradiation and the addition of coagulant caused the decoloration and the degradation of the textile wastewater.
The investigation of the anionic surfactant and phenol contamination in sea water of Jakarta Gulf was carried out. The sea water samples in Jakarta Gulf were collected in May 2004 at 21 stations (sampling sites). The monitoring results indicated that the anionic surfactants were detected in sea water samples from 20 stations with the low varied level from 0.276 mg/L to 0.779 mg/L. The anionic surfactant at the station 21 was detected with the highest value, it was 1.202 mg/L. The phenol pollutants in sea water samples from 16 stations were detected with higher level than permitted concentration for sea water, while the samples from 5 stations were not detected. The phenol concentration in sea water samples were varied from 0.009 mg/L to 1.364 mg/L. Keywords: distribution, surfactant, phenol, Jakarta Gulf
The determination of methyl mercury content in green muscle (Mytilus viridis L.) that were taken from Pasar Pelelangan Ikan Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay has been carried out. Sampling was taken in November 2005 and March 2006, the samples were bought from the green muscle sellers. The aim of this research is to know the effect of cooking on the content of methyl mercury in green muscle. Samples were homogenized, weighed and washed with aceton and toluene. After washing, the homogenized material was added with HCl solution, extracted with toluene, then the methyl mercury content in toluene extract was analyzed using gas chromatography. The results of this research showed that methyl mercury concentration in raw and cooked green muscle respectively were 0.803 + 0.019 mg/g and 0.443 + 0.035 mg/g (in November 2005) and 0.096 + 0.014 mg/g and 0.079 + 0.016 mg/g (in March 2006) respectively. The methyl mercury content in raw (in November 2005) was higher than in cooked green muscle as permitted concentration in the sea biota by WHO and FAO, it is 0.5 ppm (mg/g), on the other hand the result of the second sampling in March 2006 showed that methyl mercury content in green muscle was lower than permitted concentration. Cooking process of the green muscle decreased methyl mercury content 44.85% (sampling in November 2005) and 17.71% (sampling in March 2006), because methyl mercury that bonded to protein were distributed to boiling water. Methyl mercury content in green muscle after cooking was still lower than the permitted concentration. Keywords: methyl mercury, green muscle, Mytilus viridis L., Muara Angke
The degradation and decolouration of textile waste water by gamma irradiation has been studied. Textile wastewater contain a mixture of dyes that difficult to degrade using conventional method, therefore it is necessary to find another method to degrade those dyes. Samples from effluent of textile industry were taken at certain time and have different in colour and condition. The addition of coagulant and radiation to remove the colour of the samples were demonstrated. Four kind of treatments were carried out in this experiment namely addition of coagulant, radiation, variation of pH and radiation, and combination of radiation with the addition of coagulant. The parameters examined were the change of spectra intensity, percentage of sedimentation after the addition of coagulant, and the percentage of the degradation. Combination of irradiation and the addition of coagulant induced decolouration and degradation of the waste. Keywords: radiation, degradation, decoloration, textile wastewater
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