Background: This study compared the likelihood of return to donate and donation rate ratio by age of donors at their first donation when followed up to 12 years. Study Design and Methods: Donation history of two cohorts of first-time donors (those donating in 2007 and 2013) was extracted until March 2019 from Australian Red Cross Lifeblood's national database. Poisson regression analyses compared donor return and negative-binomial regression estimated the rate ratio of donations. Results: A total of 120 469 and 95 381 donors were included in the 2007 and 2013 cohorts, respectively. Compared to donors aged 20-24 years, the likelihood of return in both cohorts increased consistently as age at first donation increased from 30-years and above. Average number of whole-blood and plasmapheresis donations increased as the age at first donation increased from 30-years onward. The whole-blood donation rate was highest for donors ≥60 years, while plasmapheresis donation rate was highest for donors aged 50-59 years. These patterns were largely consistent when stratified by sex. Conclusions: To continuously ensure the short-to mid-term sufficiency of blood supply in Australia, targeted recruitment of donors aged 30-years and above may be considered, however its feasibility and impact should be explored further given relatively smaller proportion of new donors are middle-aged and older under current policies. Future studies with a longer follow-up period are needed to examine whether the frequency of donation among those who start donating at a younger age increases later in their life when they are 30-years or over.
There are two main factors that influence the rise and fall of the index, namely internal factors and external factors. The external factor currently experiencing volatility in the stock market is the coronavirus outbreak. Where the presence of the Coronavirus on this earth has caused panic in various parts of the world. The epidemic attacks various levels of society, especially for those who have congenital diseases. This study aims to analyze the resilience of the capital markets in the United States, China and Indonesia in the 60 days before and after the positive confirmation of COVID-19 in each country. The variable of capital market resilience in the United States is used as a proxy for the DJI index, while the resilience of the capital market in China is used as a proxy for the SSEC index, while the resilience of the capital market in Indonesia is used as a proxy for the IDX index. The paper tries to determine whether there are differences in the resilience of the capital market before and before the covid outbreak in the American, Chinese and Indonesian capital markets. The results of the study prove that the Covid outbreak has had a very bad impact on the stock markets of Indonesia and the United States. The tool on the test used to prove that there is a difference in resilience in the capital markets in Indonesia and the United States in the 60 days before and after being confirmed positive for Covid. Meanwhile, in the capital market in China, it was found that there was no difference in the resilience of the capital market in the 60 days before and before being confirmed positive for Covid. This condition proves the country's success in handling and controlling the covid outbreak.
ABSTRAKDalam rangka mendukung kegiatan budidaya, maka penentuan jenis kelamin ikan menjadi sangat penting dalam program pemijahan khususnya pada jenis ikan yang hermafrodit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis kelamin ikan kerapu sunu menggunakan uji serologi dalam mendukung manajemen pemijahan dan pengembangan perbenihan ikan kerapu sunu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode ELISA dan western blot. Kit estradiol-17â dan 11-KT testosterone digunakan dalam metode ELISA, sedangkan antibodi Cyp19a1a (CT), Z-fish TM digunakan dalam metode western blot. Gonad dari induk kerapu sunu yang mati juga dianalisis secara histologis. Sampel darah diambil dari semua ikan (47 ekor) dengan kisaran berat ikan uji 1,2-3,0 kg. Analisis kandungan testosteron dilakukan untuk semua sampel dan hanya 24 sampel dianalisis estradiol, keduanya dengan metode ELISA. Delapan sampel dianalisis estradiolnya dengan metode western blot. Berdasarkan kadar testosteron dan estradiol-17â dalam darah, menunjukkan sebanyak 12 ekor (37,5%) positif berkelamin jantan dari 32 ekor yang dianalisis, sedangkan berdasarkan kadar estradiol sebanyak 7 ekor (29,16%) dari 24 ekor yang dianalisis merupakan ikan yang berjenis kelamin betina. Dengan metode western blot, dari 8 sampel yang dianalisis hanya 3 sampel (No Tagging 421048486E; 42135F1A5D; 42102G7A22) yang positif berjenis kelamin betina. Berdasarkan data histologis menunjukkan bahwa ukuran (panjang dan bobot) belum dapat menentukan jenis kelamin dari ikan kerapu sunu secara morfologi. Dari kedua metode yang digunakan untuk determinasi jenis kelamin induk ikan kerapu sunu, metode western blot memberikan hasil yang lebih sensitif dan spesifik daripada metode ELISA.
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">ABSTRACT<br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Study of parasites inventory on ornamental fish transported in Soekarno-Hatta Airport, Cengkareng, Jakarta was done.<span> </span>Parasites were identified from coral platy fish (<em>Xiphophorus maculatus</em>), guppy cobra fish (<em>Poecilia reticulata</em>), red nose tetra fish (<em>Hemigrammus rhodostomus</em>) and serpe minor fish (<em>Hyphessobrycon serpae</em>).<span> </span>Parasites found from coral platy fish were identified as <em>Dactylogyrus</em><span> </span>and <em>Argulus japonicus</em>; <em>Trichodina heterodentata</em> and <em>Lerneae </em><span>infected </span>guppy cobra fish;<span> </span>red nose tetra fish was<span> infected by </span><em>Gyrodactylus,</em><span> whilst </span><em>Ichthyoph-thirius multifiliis</em><span> were found in </span>serpe minor fish only<em>. </em><span>All of the parasites were known as ectoparasites and excluded from the List of Pest and Parasite Fish Quarantine. From this study, there was a correlation between present of parasites with length of fish.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Key words : Ornamental fish, fish parasites, fish quarantine</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"> </span></p><h2><span lang="in" xml:lang="in">ABSTRAK</span></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Penelitian inventarisi parasit pada ikan hias yang dilalulintaskan melalui Bandara Soekarno-Hatta, Cengkareng, Jakarta telah dilakukan.<span> </span>Inventarisasi parasit dilakukan terhadap ikan platis koral (<em>Xyphophorus maculatus</em>), ikan gupi kobra (<em>Poecilia reticulata</em>), ikan red nose tetra (<em>Hemgrammus rhodostomus</em>) dan ikan serpe minor (<em>Hyphessobrycon serpae</em>).<span> </span>Pada ikan platis koral ditemukan parasit <em>Dactylogyrus</em><span> </span>dan <em>Argulus japonicus</em>; pada ikan gupi kobra ditemukan parasit <em><span> </span>Trichodina heterodentata</em> dan <em>Lerneae;</em> pada<em> </em>ikan red nose tetra <span>hanya </span>ditemukan parasit <em>Gyrodactylus</em><span> </span>dan pada ikan serpe minor hanya ditemukan parasit <em>Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. </em><span>Semua parasit yang ditemukan tergolong ektoparasit dan </span>tidak tergolong sebagai patogen karantina.<span> </span>Dari penelitian ini terlihat adanya hubungan keberadaan parasit dengan ukuran panjang ikan.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Kata kunci : Ikan hias, parasit ikan, karantina ikan.</span></p>
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