Liberation Theology as a movement and theological method has a unique hermeneutical approach. The way they study the Bible begins with studying their real life situations, then they identify the answers the Bible gives to their real problems. Interpreting the Bible starting from the context by some scholar was considered as an act of eisegesis, and not exegesis. Thus, this paper aims to review the hermeneutical approach used by Liberation Theology movement. This research is a qualitative research using descriptive-analytical method. Liberation Theology's hermeneutical approach is clearly outlined. Furthermore, the analysis of this approach is carried out by tracing its philosophical basis. In this way, one can judge the hermeneutics of Liberation Theology fairly and proportionally. The view being argued in this paper is that criticism of the hermeneutical approach of Liberation Theology is not properly positioned in the contradiction between exegesis and eisegesis, but it needs to be understood as beyond the contradiction. Although this approach starts its hermeneutic circle from context to text, that does not mean it cannot be justified. Pre-understanding before reading the text is raised clearly so that it can be spoken about with the intention of the text being read. It is in the process of dialoguing the context with the biblical text that the "meaning" is formed. The relationship between text and context is not understood as a linear one-way movement, but as an interconnected circle.
This paper intends to propose a form of apologetic response that is appropriate to the context of minority Christians in Indonesia based on the apologia in 1 Peter 3:15-16. The biblical research method used is social-scientific criticism. The cultural values ??of honor and shame are used as models for interpreting apologia in 1 Peter 3:15-16. The results of this study indicate that the apologia in 1 Peter 3:15-16 is a form of honor negotiation which was used as a strategy to answer the social challenges of the 1 Peter community, and this apologia can be used as a strategy which is appropriate for the Indonesian context. Tulisan ini bermaksud mengusulkan bentuk respons apologetis yang sesuai dengan konteks umat Kristen minoritas di Indonesia berdasarkan apologia dalam 1 Petrus 3:15-16. Metode penelitian biblika yang digunakan adalah analisis ilmu sosial (social-scientific criticism). Nilai budaya kehormatan dan rasa malu digunakan sebagai model untuk menginterpretasi apologia dalam 1 Petrus 3:15-16. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa apologia dalam 1 Petrus 3:15-16 merupakan bentuk negosiasi kehormatan yang digunakan sebagai strategi untuk menjawab tantangan sosial komunitas 1 Petrus dan bahwa strategi apologia ini dapat digunakan sebagai strategi yang sesuai bagi konteks Indonesia.
Sejak awal pembentukannya, warga Gereja Injili di Tanah Jawa bergumul untuk merespons tantangan bernegara dan berbudaya Jawa. Di satu pihak ada kelompok warga yang ingin menjaga kemurnian iman Mennonite dengan menekankan pemisahan antara urusan gereja dan negara, serta menjauhkan diri dari pengaruh budaya; di pihak lain ada kelompok warga yang ingin memberi ruang yang besar bagi keterlibatan bernegara dan berbudaya. Dengan demikian, terjadi kebingungan dalam menyikapi hubungan antara gereja dan negara serta budaya. Tulisan ini bermaksud mengangkat persoalan tentang upaya warga Gereja Injili di Tanah Jawa untuk dapat memberi ruang keterlibatan bernegara dan berbudaya, sambil tetap memelihara identitas iman Mennonite yang diwarisinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam rangka menjawab permasalahan tersebut adalah metode analisis-deskriptif. Analisis dilakukan terhadap materi historis yang merepresentasikan pergulatan sosial-budaya yang dialami oleh warga Gereja Injili di Tanah Jawa.
The appreciation to “a virtuous woman” in Proverb 31:10-31 tend to be interpreted by patriarchal perspectives. Such interpretations view a virtuous woman as someone who should benefit man. This article intends to seek a fresh reading of Proverbs 31:10-31 by a feminist perspective. The method used to produce this reading is a feminist hermeneutics approach, which applies three steps of analysis: hermeneutics of suspicion, hermeneutics of remembrance, and hermeneutics of liberation. The result of this research is that the appreciation to women in Proverbs 31:10-31 should not be used as a means to legitimize male domination by shackling women in an ideal image that only benefits men, but rather as a means of remembering the women’s suffering and fighting power, as well as triggering creative efforts for women's liberation so that they can actualize their own potential. AbstrakPujian terhadap “istri yang cakap” di dalam Amsal 31:10-31 cenderung ditafsirkan dari sudut pandang patriakal. Tafsir yang demikian memandang istri yang cakap sebagai perempuan yang seharusnya menguntungkan laki-laki. Tulisan ini bermaksud memberikan pembacaan terhadap Amsal 31:10-31 dari sudut pandang feminis. Metode yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan pembacaan tersebut adalah dengan pendekatan hermeneutik Feminis, yang menerapkan tiga langkah analisis: hermeneutik kecurigaan, hermeneutik ingatan, dan hermeneutik pembebasan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa pujian terhadap perempuan dalam Amsal 31:10-31 semestinya tidak dijadikan sebagai sarana untuk melegitimasi dominasi laki-laki dengan membelenggu perempuan pada gambaran ideal yang hanya menguntungkan laki-laki, melainkan untuk dijadikan sebagai sarana mengingat derita dan daya juang perempuan serta memicu upaya kreatif untuk pembebasan perempuan agar dapat mengaktualisasikan potensi dirinya sendiri.
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