COVID-19 in Indonesia is considered to be entering the endemic phase, and the population is expected to live side by side with the SARS-CoV 2 viruses and their variants. In this study, procyanidin, oleic acid, methyl linoleic acid, and vitexin, four compounds from binahong leaves-tropical/subtropical plant, were examined for their interactions with the major protease (Mpro) of the SARS-CoV 2 virus. Molecular dynamics simulation shows that procyanidin and vitexin have the best docking scores of −9.132 and −8.433, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation also shows that procyanidin and vitexin have the best Root Mean Square Displacement (RMSD) and Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) performance due to dominant hydrogen, hydrophobic, and water bridge interactions. However, further strain energy calculation obtained from ligand torsion analyses, procyanidin and vitexin do not conform as much as quercetin as ligand control even though these two ligands have good performance in terms of interaction with the target protein.
Indonesia is a country with low consumption of chicken eggs and this has implications for the high prevalence of malnutrition among children under five in Indonesia. In this community service survey research, an analysis of the correlation between chicken egg production and calorie consumption will be carried out as the prevalence of under-five malnutrition (0-59 months). The analysis carried out is Pearson correlation analysis. The study found that there was a positive correlation between egg production per capita and egg consumption per province with a correlation coefficient of 2.067 x 103 tons/kcal. In addition, there is also a negative correlation between egg consumption and the prevalence of malnutrition in children under five (0-59 months). This study obtained a recommendation that it is important to increase egg production by increasing the productivity of chicken egg SMEs in the community service scheme.
The minimum requirement of bioethanol utilization (E100) as a mixture of fuel oil is required as much as 20%, of the total needs in January 2025 as stated in the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources number 12 in 2015. Indonesia is a country that has many potential raw materials for the development of bioethanol as renewable energy, such as sea pandanus plants (Pandanus tectorius) and food industry wastes such as the wheat industry. Sea pandanus plants are commonly found throughout the Indonesian archipelago and are available endemically. While wheat industrial waste is available in industrial areas such as in Banten Province, which has so far not been utilized as a source of biofuels. The purpose of this research is to get bioethanol product from new sources based on natural materials and industrial waste. The stages of research began with raw materials preparation, proximate analysis, gelatinization, liquefaction, pre-saccharification, fermentation, distillation process, and quantitative analysis using instruments. The results showed that the sea pandanus leaf had the potential for bioethanol synthesis with the highest amount of recovery and efficiency were 309 mL and 0.62 mL/g respectively, whereas based on the results of gas chromatography (GC) analysis, the bioethanol product which had the highest purity was from wheat bran waste with a purity level of 97.64%.
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which attacks the respiratory tract as the primary target. Until now, no cure for COVID-19 has been found and the efforts made are vaccine distribution, so it is necessary to increase daily human immunity. M pro SARS-CoV-2 is an enzyme for viral replication in host cells so that it can be a target of inhibition. In this study, an in-silico simulation of flavonoid compounds in green meniran plants was carried out: Astragalin, Isoquercitrin, Quercitrin, and Rutin with Quercetin as a control ligand. Predictive analysis of ADMET properties showed that all ligands showed good safety for drug use in humans, except Rutin. The four ligands showed good scores on molecular docking results, which had lower binding scores and MM-GBSA than Quercetin. Molecular dynamics simulation for 20 ns showed that all ligands had good interaction stability, and Quercetin and Isoquercitrin tended to have the most stable interaction. Overall, it was found that Isoquercitrin showed better potential as a M pro SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor with a binding score of -11.973 kcal/mol, an average RMSD of 1.652Å, the highest RMSF value of 2.12Å, interacted with 25 protein residues, and had 12 torsions with strain energy of 0.748 kcal/mol.
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