Aims: This study evaluated the role of sodium, potassium, proline and soluble sugars accumulation in the ameliorative effect of an exogenous application of calcium on the detrimental effect of salinity on tomato plants. Study Design: The experiment was implemented as a Completely Randomized Design (RCD) with four treatments and three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was realized in a green house of the Faculty of Agronomical Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin Republic from June to July 2020. Methodology: Three weeks old plants of the tomato cultivar “Padma” was submitted in pots to four treatments comprising the control (without NaCl); salt stress (120 mM NaCl) and a combination of 120 mM NaCl and exogenous application of 40 mM CaSO4 or Ca (NO3)2 by irrigation every two days. Plants growth, sodium (Na) and potassium (K) as well as proline and soluble sugars contents of leaves and roots were determined after two weeks. Results: Salt effect reduced significantly plant growth at P =.05, root K content at P =.05 and leaf K/Na ratio at P =.01 whereas it increased significantly leaf Na at P =.05 and root soluble sugars content at P =.05. The application of exogenous calcium (Ca) induced a significant amelioration of plant growth at P =.01 more marked with CaSO4 than with Ca (NO3)2. This treatment induced a significant decrease at P =.01 in leaf and root Na content and a significant increase at P =.05 in root K content only for CaSO4, a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf K/Na ratio and a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf and root proline content only for Ca(NO3)2. Conclusion: The ameliorative effect of both forms of calcium was due mainly to sodium (Na) exclusion from leaves and potassium (K) accumulation associated to a maintain of high K/Na ratio mainly in leaves. The importance of proline accumulation as an indicator of this ameliorative effect was associated only to Ca(NO3)2.
The use of biotechnological approaches to increase soil fertility and productivity allows to obtain sustainable agriculture with lesser use of chemical fertilizers. The present study aimed to determine whether the inoculation of Bacillus panthothenicus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas syringae, or Serratia marcescens combined with reduced doses of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) fertilizer can improve the growth and yield of maize on poor ferruginous soils under field conditions in central Benin. For this purpose, maize seeds of the EVDT 97 STR C1 variety were inoculated with 10 ml suspension of five plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains, and the plots were fertilized at seeding with the recommended doses (0, 25, 50, 100%) of 200 kg/ha of NPK and 100 kg of urea for corn cultivation. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with 3 replicates. The results showed that except for P. syringae , which induced the highest fresh aerial biomass (94.51%) and dry aerial biomass (63.63%), all other parameters were positively improved with inoculation associated with reduced doses of NPK + urea. The best height, leaf area, fresh underground biomass, and grain yield were recorded in response to the application of P. syringae + 50% NPK + urea, with an increase of 26.82, 32.23, 107.57, and 30.64%, respectively, compared to those of the control. The inoculation of seeds with P. syringae + 50% NPK + urea can be considered to be an environmentally sustainable strategy for maize cultivation.
on the best technical itineraries for the production and storage of chilli peppers is essential to revitalize and develop this sector by improving the sanitary quality of the chilli peppers produced in Benin.
Integrated production in sustainable agriculture aims to improve the efficiency of biological inputs through plant-based bioformulations or microorganisms, which are an excellent source of natural fertilisers. A variety of plant stimulants are increasingly used in crop production for environmentally sustainable agriculture. These products have different names and the designations are confusing. The aim of this work is to clarify what is meant by biofertilizer and biostimulant. A biofertilizer is a bacterial or fungal inoculant applied to plants with the aim of increasing the availability of nutrients and their use by plants, regardless of the nutrient content of the inoculant itself. A plant biostimulant is substance or microorganism applied to plants for the purpose of improving the nutritional efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance and/or quality characteristics of crops, regardless of its nutrient content. By extension, plant biostimulants also refer to commercial products containing mixtures of these substances and/or microorganisms. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be called biofertilisers or biostimulants; PGPR formulations are biostimulants. It can be noted that biofertilisers are included in biostimulants.
Fruit juice production sector is developing in Benin's major cities and appears to have both organisational and technical shortcomings. This study aimed to 1) establish the socio-professional profile of actors in the fruit juice production sector in Abomey-Calavi and Cotonou municipalities and 2) evaluate the adoption level of hygienic practices of enterprises. The methodological approach adopted in this study combined a semi-structured survey with direct observations in fifty enterprises. The statistical analysis was carried out using the R.4.0.0 software. The study revealed that fruit juice enterprises in both municipalities are mainly artisanal (90%) and located in residential areas (94%). They are therefore exposed to contamination risks from domestic and road activities. More than half of these enterprises were created less than five years ago. Three administrative types of enterprises were noted: non-structured (32%), semi-structured (34%) and structured (34%). Almost half of the enterprises belong to at least one professional association. Only a few enterprises have marketing authorization. Women predominate in the positions of director and production assistant. The majority of production managers are men. Most directors and production managers have a university education, but not necessarily in the field of food sciences. The adoption level of hygie-
Challenging with environmental problems and health due to non-biodegradable plastic wastes, Abomey-Calavi university heads have banned the use of any Non-biodegradable Plastic Food Packagings (NPFP) on all campuses. This study aimed to verify the effective implementation of this decision and assess the microbiological quality of ecological primary food packagings used in Abomey-Calavi campus. To achieve the objectives, a survey based on a questionnaire was submitted to actors in this policy (students, teachers, administrative officers and vendors). Microbiological quality evaluation of primary food packagings used consisted of counting the total mesophilic flora, total and thermo-tolerant coliforms, yeasts and molds through the basic laboratory methods. The results showed that 94,4% of Abomey-Calavi campus peoples are aware of the memo banning NPFP use within the university. They recognize that enormous risks of public health and ecosystem degradation are associated with the use of NPFP. Unfortunately, these pachagings continue to be used even though the trend is downward. The communication on ecological packagings benefits by university authorities remains insufficient. Also, some primary food packagings heavily used in this campus contains pathogenic microorganisms (thermotolerant coliforms and mycotoxinogenic molds) that can cause gastroenteritis and other food poisonings. People frequenting Abomey-Calavi campus remain permanently exposed to the risks associated with NPFP use. These packagings, especially that from food use constitutes potential and permanent sources of insalubrity, food poisoning, foodborne infection and intoxication.
Background of the Study: In the oral health field, dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most frequent pathologies that affect all population to different degrees. In Benin, oral diseases constitute a serious public health problem. Care, whether curative or preventive, requires an investment that many cannot afford in developing countries like Benin. Because of oral diseases extent, appropriate solutions must be found to improve oral health in Benin. Place and Duration of Study: Data were collected through ethnobotanical surveys in the districts of Allada, Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou and Porto-Novo from May to August 2021. Aim: This study aims to identify the medicinal plants used in traditional medicine to treat oral diseases. Methodology: Prior to the ethnobotanical study itself, we proceeded to locate the markets where medicinal plants are sold in the study area. Then, in order to ensure a high objectivity degree of the data obtained during our study, the survey is carried out used a preestabilished questionnaires. The questionnaire focused on the following main points: (1) Profile of the respondent (surname, first name, age, gender, education level and experience in the field), (2) informations on the recipe (oral uses, vernacular and scientific names, parts used, preparation method, route and mode of administration, contraindications and side effects). The medicinal plants vendors were selected based their availability displays size and frequency level of displays. Results: One hundred and three (103) medicinal plants species were identified, divided into forty-four (44) families and ninety-one (91) genera. The most used plants are Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (11.72%), Ocimum americanum (4.88%), Ocimum gratissimum (4.39%), Lantana camara (2.93%), Bridelia ferruginea (2.93%), Moringa oleifera (2.44%), Lippia multiflora (2.44%), Mangifera indica (2.44%), Dialium guineense (2.44%), Pseudocedrela kotschyi (1.95%), Justicia flava (1.95%), Uvaria chamae (1.95%) and Xylopia aethiopica (1.95%). The most commonly plant parts used were leaves and roots. The decoction of these parts in mouthwash or gargle is most used for oral diseases treatment. Conclusion: The flora of Benin contains a rich diversity of plants. Many of which are used in traditional Beninese medicine and have the potential to provide pharmacologically active natural products. In order to know the different plants used to treat oral diseases, an ethnobotanical survey was conducted in southern Benin (district of Allada, Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou and Porto-novo).
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