This research aimed to determine the effects of Problem based learning (PBL) with cooperative learning (CL) and ‘Numbered Heads Together’ (NHT) on preschoolers’ five trait dimensions of scientific creativity: Fluency, Originality, Elaboration, Abstractness of title, and Resistance to premature closure. A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control group design was employed in the research. The sample consisted of 216 six-year-old preschoolers from three randomly selected preschools and assigned to PBL-CL‘NHT’ (n=72), PBL (n=72), and hands-on (TG) (n=72) instructional methods. The Figural Scientific Creativity Test was used as the pre-test (Form A) and post-test (Form B). Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted on the post-test scores with pre-test scores as the covariates to determine whether a significant difference existed across the three methods. The results indicated that preschoolers taught in the PBL-CL‘NHT’ method significantly outperformed their peers in the PBL method who, in turn, significantly outperformed their peers in the TG method in Fluency, Originality, Elaboration, Abstractness of title, and Resistance to premature closure. Large effect sizes were obtained for comparing PBL-CL ‘NHT’ with PBL and TG method. The findings suggest that the PBL-CL ‘NHT’ method has a significant positive impact on fostering preschoolers’ five trait dimensions of scientific creativity. Key words: cooperative learning, preschoolers, problem based learning, scientific creativity, trait dimensions.

Background: The study provides a comprehensive analysis of trends of global scientific research, comparing pre-coronavirus disease (COVID 19) and during COVID-19 research in happiness and satisfaction, from 2014 up to 2021. Methods: The study period of the current research was divided into two phases, before the COVID-19 pandemic (1998 documents) and during COVID-19 (2020 until December 18, 2021). The Scopus database was comprehensively searched on relevant publications on Happiness and Satisfaction. Only articles published in English were retrieved. Bibliometric indicators were analyzed using Bibliometrix, an R package, and VOSviewer. Var1.6.6. Bibliometric indicators include the year of publications, authors, region, subject areas, countries, institutions, journals, country collaboration. Authorship productivity was presented in the final analysis. Results: A total of 3069 documents were extracted from Scopus. Overall, articles retrieved were written by 5220 authors before COVID-19 (2014-2019) and 3520 authors during COVID-19 (2020-2022), published in 2593 journals, with 83 counties represented before COVID-19 and 84 during COVID-19, and 21.66 average citations per document before COVID-19 and 30.4 average citations per document during COVID-19. Journal of Happiness Studies led in the number of articles produced. University of California was the most productive institution both before (number of publications [NP] = 42) and during (NP = 19) the COVID-19 pandemic. The US was the most productive country on multiple metrices; firstly, based on the most productive country both before (NP = 341) and during the pandemic (NP = 145), and secondly, based on the multiple country publications metric both before (NP = 34) and during the pandemic (NP = 34). Conclusions: This bibliometric study demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic has not significantly affected the productivity of happiness and satisfaction researchers; however, there are subtle changes in thematic evolution that will probably inform the direction of happiness research in the coming decade.

The aim of these study are to determine the effect of active coping style on pharmacist's burnout and whether the core self-evaluation as a personal resource has a role as a mediator between active coping style and pharmacist's burnout. The pharmacists work so hard to look for the antidote for the virus, so they have to work in shifts to meet the demand for medications, which sometimes cause them to experience burnout. Therefore, the pharmacist needs an active strategies and stable behaviors to deal and solve the problems, known as active coping style. Data were collected from 281 pharmaceutical industry using Core Self-Evaluation Scale by Judge, et. al., Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire by Xie, and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey by Maslach. The data was analyzed using simple mediation regression model no. 4 PROCESS v4.0 by Hayes. The results show core self-evaluation is an effective mediator for the relationship between active coping styles and burnout. The result also indicated that self-esteem has the strongest relationship with and emotional exhaustion. This study highlight active coping style and core self-evaluation are essential for workers in the pharmaceutical industry to overcome their burnout.

The aim of this study was to examine the differences between Kadazandusun participants who possessed and who do not possess a traditional Kadazandusun costume in regard to the four types of identity orientation (i.e. personal, relational, social & collective). These differences were also assessed between participants who were and were not able to play a traditional musical instrument. A total of 242 Kadazandusun participants were enrolled, and the study used a survey questionnaire with two sections. Section A included questions about the demographic profile (age, gender, ethnicity, possession of a traditional costume, ability to play a traditional musical instrument, and education level), while Section B measured the four types of identity orientation (i.e. personal, relational, social & collective). We hypothesized that participants who possessed a Kadazandusun traditional costume and those who could play a traditional musical instrument had higher relational and collective identity orientation. The study revealed that those who possessed a Kadazandusun traditional costume had higher relational, social, and collective selfidentity compared to those who did not own a costume. Further, those who could play a traditional musical instrument only showed higher on social identity orientation than those who could not play any traditional musical instrument. These findings showed that people's identity orientation may differ based such cultural elements (e.g., possession of a Kadazandusun traditional costume and ability to play a traditional musical instrument). These findings may provide an understanding of the importance of cultural elements in identity orientation, particularly for the indigenous group of Kadazandusuns in Sabah, Malaysia.

This study was conducted to examine the level of work readiness among final year students at a public university in Malaysia. A total of 71 respondents participated in this study (N = 71), consisting of 22.5% (16) males and 77.5% (55) females. The level of work readiness was measured using the Work Readiness Inventory which looked at six areas of work readiness, namely Responsibility, Flexibility, Skills, Communication, Self-view and Health & safety. The results of this study showed that all of the students have high work readiness in all areas, except Self-view has a moderate work readiness. Out of the six areas of work readiness, only Self-view had a significant difference between genders, t = 2.46, k <.05, where male students have a higher level of work readiness (M = 3.20, SD= 0.62) than female students (M = 2.79, SD= 0.51). This study revealed that the university must act proactively and promptly as a nurture place to brush up students' self-efficacy, especially among female students.