This work focuses on the internal side of social responsibility of organizations in a regional context. Through a survey of 590 managers in classical business services (human-capital intensive) and representative of the productive economy of the Region of Extremadura (Spain), an empirical analysis is conducted. First, a factor analysis is conducted to explore the main dimensions of the internal face of Social Responsibility and second, a structural equations model is developed to look for a relationship with business competitiveness. Business performance and innovation are also considered in the model. The main contribution of the article is the establishment of a set of indicators that will help to build an ongoing and meaningful dialogue with employees improving their quality of life at work that will also serve as important guidance for the increasing of the firm's competitiveness through responsible human resources practices. Some suggestions for a research agenda emerge from this first attempt to approach the internal side of responsibility in business.

In this chapter, the authors address institutional efforts in CSR carried out in two big European countries with different backgrounds but the same responsible goal for business and competitiveness: Spain and Poland. To illustrate how CSR pays off, the authors have selected two emblematic cases, one from each country: La Caixa Group and PKN Orlen. Although the degree of implementation of CSR is still different in the European countries in the European Union, and the institutional framework in Spain and Poland is clearly different, the two case-studies presented as best practices suggest promising new developments of CSR in both countries in the near future as CSR could be considered a vital component of innovation in national economies and a strategic variable of core's business determining future competitiveness through the social trend.

In this chapter, the authors address institutional efforts in CSR carried out in two big European countries with different backgrounds but the same responsible goal for business and competitiveness: Spain and Poland. To illustrate how CSR pays off, the authors have selected two emblematic cases, one from each country: La Caixa Group and PKN Orlen. Although the degree of implementation of CSR is still different in the European countries in the European Union, and the institutional framework in Spain and Poland is clearly different, the two case-studies presented as best practices suggest promising new developments of CSR in both countries in the near future as CSR could be considered a vital component of innovation in national economies and a strategic variable of core's business determining future competitiveness through the social trend.

Abstract:The paper presents selected results of the survey on academic entrepreneurship which was carried out within the Visegrad Fund Project in four universities in member states between October 2016 and February 2017. The results reveal the level of entrepreneurship's awareness among university employees and students as well as their attitudes towards entrepreneurial activities. The paper also examines the principle incentives and barriers of setting up the business in Visegrad Group (V4) countries. It also discusses the perception of business attractiveness of Visegrad Group countries among surveyed university employees and students. The first part of the paper is dedicated to the theoretical background of the work which includes the concepts of academic entrepreneurship and business attractiveness as well as the macroeconomic environment of the Visegrad Group countries. The second part presents the brief description of the Project, methodology, goals and major assumption of the Project as well as some of the detailed results obtained. The paper ends with brief conclusions.

Purpose: The main concept of the work is to learn, understand, describe and explain the importance of leaders characterized by special moral competences giving them a rational direction to their behaviors and thus to the development of the socially responsible organization in the context of constituting intellectual capital within the process of corporate social responsibility. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper constitutes the conceptual research framework for further investigations on the position of the leadership in socially responsible organizations which contributes to the increasing role of intellectual capital in the above organizations. The hypotheses summarizing the deliberation based on the critical review of the literature were formulated in the paper. Findings: The preliminary results of the conceptual work carried out indicate that the higher the level of intellectual capital, the higher is the level of excellence in social responsibility. It was also assumed that the key factor shaping intellectual capital of the organization is the emotional intelligence of the leader and the emotional intelligence of the leader positively shapes interpersonal trust in the organization as well as inter-organizational trust. Practical Implications: Presented outcomes may be useful in formulating management strategies of contemporary enterprises based on the specific role of the responsible leader which then may turn into a new paradigm of managing socially responsible organization operating at higher level of responsibility awarness. Originality/value: The results of the research contribute in the cognitive sense to the enrichment of knowledge in terms of responsible leadership and developing intellectual capital of the organizations.