No abstract

The most recent, mainly explosive eruptions of Ciomadul, the youngest volcano in the Carpatho-Pannonian Region, have been constrained by detailed field volcanological studies, major element pumice glass geochemistry, luminescence and radiocarbon dating, and a critical evaluation of available geochronological data. These investigations were complemented by the first tephrostratigraphic studies of the lacustrine infill of Ciomadul's twin craters (St. Ana and Mohoş) that received tephra deposition during the last eruptions of the volcano. Our analysis shows that significant explosive activity, collectively called EPPA (Early Phreatomagmatic and Plinian Activity), started at Ciomadul in or around the present- and organic matter from lacustrine sediments recovered from both craters, the last of these phreatomagmatic eruptions-that draped the landscape toward the east and southeast of the volcano-occurred at ~29.6 ka BP, some 2,000 years later than the previously suggested last eruption of Ciomadul.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Present study provides a review of the latest results on fluvial and aeolian landscape evolution in Hungary achieved by our team during the last 20 years.– The Hungarian river terrace system and its chronology was described with special emphasise on the novel threshold concept. A revised terrace system was created by the compilation of novel terrace chronology and MIS data. Evolution of river terraces was not only governed by climatic factors but tectonic ones too. Incision rate of the Danube, and uplift rate of the Transdanubian Range (TR) was around 0.1-0.3 mm/a in the marginal zones of the TR (mostly based on the published U-series data) and was above 1 mm/a in its axial zone (based on 3He exposure age dating of strath terraces).– According to a detailed geomorphological investigation of the different channel-planform morphologies in the Middle Tisza region and Sajó-Hernád alluvial fan, six phases of river pattern change and four incision periods were detected during the last 20,000 years.– Wind polished rock surfaces dated by in situ produced cosmogenic 10Be suggest that deflation was active in Hungary as early as 1.5 Ma ago. According to these exposure age data, Pleistocene denudation rate of the study area (Balaton Highland) was 40-80 m/Ma.– In sand covered areas the alternations of wind-blown layers and buried fossil soils provide information about climate and environment changes. In this study, periods of sand movement were mostly determined by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating methods and five aeolian sand accumulation periods were recognised during the last 25 000 years.– A new loess stratigraphical view was elaborated using the most recent dating methods (luminescence, AAR). The lower part of Mende Upper (MF1-2) pedokomplex is suggested to represent the last interglacial period (MIS 5e). During the last interglacial/glacial period (MIS 5 - MIS 2) several soil-forming periods existed but the preservation of these paleosoils is variable depending on their paleogeomorphological position.

26The terrace sequence of the Hungarian part of the Danube valley preserves a record of 27 varying tectonic uplift rates along the river course and throughout several climate stages. To 28 establish the chronology of formation of these terraces, two different dating methods were 29 used on alluvial terraces: exposure age dating using in situ produced cosmogenic 10 Be and 30 luminescence dating. Using Monte Carlo approach to model the denudation rate-corrected 31 exposure ages, in situ produced cosmogenic The highest terrace horizon remnants of the study area provided a best estimate erosion-36 corrected minimum 10 Be exposure age of >700 ka. We propose that the abandonment of the 37 highest terrace of the Hungarian Danube valley was triggered by the combined effect of the 38 beginning tectonic uplift and the onset of major continental glaciations of Quaternary age 39

No abstract