Background: Histamine is used as a direct stimulus to measure airway responsiveness. This short-acting biogenic amine acts mainly on airway smooth muscle receptors causing bronchoconstriction and is used for the airway hyperresponsiveness assessment in asthmatic patients. In aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) special regulatory role of eicosanoids is postulated. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of histamine on a wide profile of eicosanoids measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in AIA patients and asthmatics tolerating aspirin well (ATA). Methods:The study population consisted of seventeen asthmatics. Ten of them were AIA patients. Eicosanoid concentrations in EBC were determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry or high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Measurements were performed at baseline and following bronchial histamine challenge. Results: Bronchial reactions were precipitated by histamine in all patients and accompanied only by decrease of leukotriene (LT) C 4 and trans-LTC 4 mean level. The AIA group was characterized by higher levels of cysteinyl leukotrienes, LTC 4 , and prostaglandin (PG) E 2 in EBC at baseline, and decrease in EBC concentration of LTC 4 , trans-LTC 4 and tetranor-PGE-M following histamine challenge. In the ATA group no significant changes in eicosanoids levels after histamine were noticed. Conclusions: AIA patients present different baseline profile of EBC eicosanoids in comparison to patients with ATA. Histamine administered locally during a bronchial challenge test may influence inflammatory mediators and thus trigger indirect effects in the respiratory tract. This response for histamine differentiates two studied phenotypes of asthma; only in the AIA group histamine precipitates alterations of the eicosanoid synthesis in the lungs. Keywords: Aspirin, asthma, hypersensitivity, eicosanoids, histamine © 2013 Kaszuba et al; licensee Herbert Publications Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). This permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. IntroductionHistamine is a short-acting biogenic amine which plays an important role in allergic inflammation. Mast cells and basophiles store large quantities of histamine, which is released during degranulation in response to immunologic and nonimmunologic stimuli [1]. Histamine elicits many biological effects acting through four types of histamine receptors located on cells of various types. These include airway smooth muscle cells provoking airflow obstruction and sensory fibers causing a reflex response that can induce bronchospasm. Histamine, beside methacholine, is used as a direct stimulus to measure airway responsiveness.Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is one of the clinical features of asthma. Its measurement is crucial for establishing the correct diagnosis [17]. The components of airway changes in...
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