Background: One of the objective methods of assessing the level of cardiopulmonary capacity in overweight and obese children and adolescents is cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).Aims: The purpose of present study is an evaluation of aerobic capacity in high body mass index (BMI) children and adolescents by comparing them with a normal weight control group by CPET.Methods and Procedures: The subjects were recruited from participants of the Program of Treatment for Overweight and Obese Children organized by a local pediatric rehabilitation center in Poland. Based on BMI for age and gender, two validation groups were selected: (1) a group of overweight children (n = 49) and (2) a group of obese children (n = 48). The study included also 53 normal weight participants as a reference group (REF). The study consisted of two parts: anthropometric measurements and CPET. The Godfrey protocol for CPET was applied.Outcomes and Results: In this study, obese children and adolescents showed similar absolute VO2peak values in liters per minute (1.64 L/min) compared to overweight children (1.48 L/min), but significantly higher than children with normal body weight (1.39 L/min). The obese children and adolescents presented lower VO2peak in relation to body weight (25.44 ml/kg/min) compared to their peers with normal body weight (36.5 ml/kg/min), and overweight children (29.18 ml/kg/min).Conclusion and Implications: The main finding of our study was recognition of significant differences between cardiopulmonary capacity parameters in obese children in comparison not only to normal weight peers, but to overweight, too.
Introduction. Spine pain is an important social problem concerning the majority of the adult population, it is also the main cause of disability. Numerous research conducted on different populations suggest that it is also a significant problem among children and youth. Objectives. The aim of the study was to examine: the frequency of spine pain occurrence in high school youths and the scale of this problem. Also examined was on which parts of the spine the back pain occurred, and how it related to the study subjects. Selected potential risks and implemented counter-measures were also subjected to analysis. Materials and method. The study involved a group of 499 participants: 290 girls, 209 boys who were secondary school students aged 16-18. The study consisted of a questionnaire concerning spine pain, the frequency, location, reasons, risk factors and remedies. Results. Only 37.9% girls and 45% boys did not have pain incidents. No age or morphological parameters were found with the incidence of pain. The most frequent reason for pain was sitting for long periods -35.5% girls and 34.2% boys. Gender differentiated reasons for pain were physical activity (p<.001) -declared more often by boys and lack of reasons (p<.01), and declared more often by girls. Conclusions. Spinal pains are common and affect more than a half of high school students in the Upper Silesian of Poland. The most common location is the lumbar section. Factors affecting the frequency of pain are: susceptibility to stress, vision and postural defects.
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