Objectives: To screen new-borns to diagnose any hearing impairment early. Method: The prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from November 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021, and new-borns of either gender aged >12h born via spontaneous vaginal delivery, induced labour, and Caesarean section. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect detailed case history, including gestational age, duration of labour, and other prenatal, natal, and postnatal risk factors. Otoacoustic emission test was performed, and infants referred twice were scheduled for complete diagnostic evaluation and brainstem evoked response audiometry. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 267 neonates, 249(93.3%) passed the first screening. Of the remaining 18(6.7%) neonates, 8(44.4%) passed the second screening, while 10(55.5%) were asked to come for a follow-up after three weeks. Of them, 3(30%) returned for check-up, while 7(70%) did not show up. Conclusion: Neonatal risk factors associated with hearing loss need to be identified, and a comprehensive hearing screening programme is required for neonates. Key Words: Hearing, Otoacoustic emission, High risk, Neonatal screening.
Background Flexible fiberoptic direct laryngoscopy is the standard technique for evaluating the larynx and hypopharynx and is a routine outpatient procedure performed in ENT. This study aims to find the effect of patients’ own procedure video as a distractor over the discomfort score, during flexible fiberoptic direct laryngoscopy. It can be a cost-effective alternative to local anesthetics and should be included in our routine practice. Results The study included 60 patients undergoing flexible laryngoscopy at a tertiary care hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (those patients who had visualized their procedure video while performing FFODL) and group B (those patients who had not visualized their procedure video while performing FFODL). Visual distraction was involving patients to see their own video while FFODL was being performed. After, the procedure discomfort score was assessed using a visual analog scale. In our study, both groups were comparable in terms of age and gender. The mean discomfort score was significantly reduced in group A as compared to group B (p value 0.003). Conclusion This study has shown that visual distraction significantly reduced the procedure-specific mean discomfort scores and that it should be practiced routinely to alleviate patient’s anxiousness and fear to go through this procedure and to gain the confidence of patients.
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