Keywords: geographic information systems (GIS), green open space, Jakarta, Landsat 8, NDVI PENDAHULUAN Latar BelakangDKI Jakarta sebagai Ibukota Negara Indonesia mengalami konversi dan konsesi lahan yang pesat setiap tahunnya. Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, pembangunan fisik di DKI Jakarta terus mengalami perkembangan yang cukup signifikan. Hal ini ditandai oleh pembangunan area permukiman, perkantoran, sarana ekonomi dan sosial, serta infrastruktur kota lainnya. Kecenderungan tersebut mengindikasikan ketersediaan lahan menjadi permasalahan yang penting bagi pembangunan di DKI Jakarta. Selain itu, pembangunan tersebut dilakukan karena lebih memberikan keuntungan secara ekonomis dibandingkan dengan keberadaan vegetasi. Bertambahnya jumlah sarana dan prasarana berdampak terhadap berkurangnya RTH, lahan pertanian, dan hutan kota yang secara otomatis berkurangnya tingkat kerapatan vegetasi. Hal ini tentunya juga akan berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan ekologi yang ada di wilayah tersebut. Semua ini merupakan konsekuensi logis dari semakin majunya pembangunan dan perekonomian di DKI Jakarta.Berdasarkan Undang-Undang RI No. 26 Tahun 2007, RTH didefinisikan sebagai area memanjang/jalur dan/atau mengelompok, yang penggunaannya lebih bersifat terbuka, tempat tumbuh tanaman, baik yang tumbuh secara alamiah maupun yang sengaja ditanam. Proporsi RTH pun telah ditetapkan pada wilayah perkotaan, yaitu paling sedikit 30% dari luas wilayah keseluruhan. Saat ini, RTH di DKI Jakarta masih jauh dari standar ideal tersebut. Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Kehutanan DKI Jakarta, jumlah RTH saat ini mencapai 14.94% dari luas wilayah DKI Jakarta, atau seluas 9.896,8 hektar. Dari jumlah itu, sebanyak 5.44% merupakan RTH publik dan 9.5% merupakan RTH privat (Martiyanti, 2016). RTH yang kuantitasnya belum mencukupi ini pun sebagian dalam kondisi memprihatinkan, terutama pada RTH pemukiman. Keberadaan undang-undang mengenai penataan ruang tersebut kenyataannya belum sepenuhnya menjadikan RTH di DKI Jakarta sesuai dengan proporsi yang sudah ditetapkan. Kekuatan pasar yang dominan telah mengubah fungsi lahan, terutama RTH yang terabaikan dari segi fungsi dan manfaatnya. Tata ruang yang diharapkan dapat mengakomodasi
ABSTRAKPenelitian dilaksanakan di Kota Manado, pada perusahaan peternakan Ayam Ras Petelur Dharma Gunawan yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Paniki Bawah Kecamatan Mapanget.Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah berapa besar tercapainya titik impas dan berapa besar keuntungan usaha ternak ayam ras petelur Dharma Gunawan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui titik impas dan keuntungan usaha ternak ayam ras petelur Dharma Gunawan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara secara langsung kepada peternak dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Model analisis yang digunakan yaitu model analisis deskriptif dengan cara verbal dan matematis. Cara verbal adalah cara yang menggunakan kata-kata untuk menerangkan sesuatu hal, sedangkan cara matematis dengan menggunakan analisis titik impas.Penelitian dilakukan pada satu periode produksi, menunjukkan bahwa dalam pengalokasian biaya menyangkut biaya tetap total sebesar Rp 413.793.300,-, dan biaya variabel total sebesar Rp 6.298.040.700,- sedangkan penerimaan total sebesar Rp 9.019.195.160, sehingga keuntungan usaha ternak ayam ras petelur sebesar Rp 2.307.361.460,-. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu titik impas tercapai pada unit 1.877.804,51 dan penerimaan sebesar Rp 1.799.100.000,- dari hasil penjualan telur rata-rata. Usaha ternak ayam petelur Dharma Gunawan prospektif dan menguntungkan. Kata Kunci:Analisis, Titik Impas, Usaha Ternak Ayam Ras Petelur ABSTRACTBREAK EVEN POINT ANALYSISLIVESTOCK BUSINESS LAYING CHICKEN “DHARMA GUNAWAN” IN PANIKI BAWAH VILLAGE MAPANGET DISTRICT MANADO CITY(CASE STUDY). The study was conducted in the Dharma Gunawan layer chicken farm. The farm is a poultry farm business in the city of Manado, located in Paniki Bawah, Mapanget District. The problem in this study is howbreakeven and profit achievement of Dharma Gunawan layer chicken farm. The research objective was to determine the break-even point and profit of Dharma Gunawan layer chicken farm. The research method used is case study method. Dataobtained through direct interviews with farmer using a questionnaire. The analysis model used in the study is a descriptive analysis of verbal and mathematical way models. Verbal is the way how to use words to explain something, while mathematical way is the way of breakeven analysis. The study on allocation of costs and profitwas calculated in a production period on the chicken layer farm, showed that involves fixed costs total is Rp 413 793 300,-, total variable costs is Rp 6,298,040,700,- and total revenue is Rp 9,019,195,160,-, so profitof Dharma Gunawan chicken layer farm is Rp 2.307.361.460,-. The conclusion are reached breakeven in units is 1,877,804.51 and in revenue is Rp 1.7991 billion,- from the average sale of eggs. The Dharma Gunawan layer chicken farm is prospective and profitable. Keywords: Analysis, Break Even Point, Layer Chicken Farm
ABSTRACT Coastal Landscape Planning in Pangandaran Based on Tsunami Disaster Mitigation The Indonesian archipelago has a long coastline of about 81,000 km. Some coastal areas in Indonesia, classified in areas with high risk of tsunami. The objective of this research was to develop a coastal planning in Pangandaran and provide recommendations related to tsunami disaster mitigation. The tsunami ever occurred at the site studied, namely in 2006. The method used in this study is a modification of the method of planning (Gold 1980) which comprise the step of preparation, inventory, analysis, synthesis, and planning. Analysis is conducted analysis of regional vulnerability to tsunamis. The results from the analysis found that Pangandaran beach is classified as an area highly vulnerable to tsunami, based on an assessment of the slope, elevation, land use, distance from the river and distance from the coast. Analysis of the suitability of the area for evacuation was conducted to determine the exact area used as a tsunami evacuation. The concept of planning is divided into space concept, the concept of activity, the concept of infrastructure, circulation concept and the concept of vegetation. The concept that there is then developed to produce a landscape plan, plan activities, circulation plan, vegetation plans, and plan infrastructure facilities. Keywords: coastline, mitigation, Pangandaran, planning, tsunami
Nature Tourism Park of Buyan – Tamblingan Lakes is an area located in Tabanan and Buleleng Regencies, Bali Province. This area has various tourism potentials such as beautiful twin lake panoramas and pristine forest. Ecotourism is one form of sustainable tourism that pays attention to aspects of conservation, natural interpretation, and education. The purpose of this study is to plan an ecotourism landscape in the Nature Tourism Park of Buyan – Tamblingan Lakes. The benefit of this research is that the community knows the potential of the area and as a consideration for the government in local spatial planning. The analytical method used in this study is spatial analysis to determine land suitability for ecotourism and descriptive analysis to determine the perceptions of visitors regarding Nature Tourism Park of Buyan – Tamblingan Lakes. The results of this study are ecotourism landscape plans in the Nature Tourism Park of Buyan – Tamblingan Lakes which include spatial plans, circulation plans, vegetation plans, activity and facility plans, tour itineraries, carrying capacity plans, and landscape plans. The spatial plan consists of a entrance and service area covering 3.7 ha (0.20%), main tourism space covering 676.5 ha (37.62%), supporting tourism space covering 1.67 ha (0.09%), buffer space covering 549.1 ha (30.53%), and conservation space covering 568.4 ha (31.60%). The circulation plan consists of a primary circulation of 10 298 m, a secondary circulation of 1 614 m, and a tertiary circulation of 13 752 m. Tourism activities developed on the site are activities that are recreational and educational and there are natural conservation values. The concept of vegetation is divided into conservation vegetation, aesthetic vegetation, steering vegetation, and condescendent vegetation. The tour itinerary was developed into three tour packages based on the time of tourist visit. Carrying capacity plans are made to limit the number of tourists to minimize damage to ecotourism areas, maintain the ecological value of the area, and avoid the accumulation of visitors.
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