People are transferring large amount of data that are critical and consume large amount of time through the Internet such as email, banking transaction and online purchase. But due to high exposure they are susceptible to being heavily attacked or become attractive targets for attackers. This can be solved by using a modern phenomenon called symmetric encryption. Symmetric encryption is used to ensure that information is hidden from anyone for whom it is not intended. This research conducted a performance evaluation of symmetric data encryption algorithms namely Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Blowfish. The evaluation is done for four different data types: image data type, audio data types, video data types and textual file data types. The performance evaluation metrics are encryption time and throughput. The prototype is developed using JAVA, compiled using the Netbeans IDE7.1.2 with default settings in jdk 7.1 development kit. Results obtained from this evaluation indicated that blowfish is more efficient than AES. But for Blowfish the encryption time sometime decreases with the increase in data size. This can be attributed to the fact that Blowfish uses 126, 192 or 256 key sizes.
This paper introduces a novel means of representing ternary states using color-codes, suggests a logic design model for a ternary half adder circuit and separate carry circuits. A ternary simulator was also developed to aid in the research and development of ternary systems.
This research performs a literature survey of remote user authentication researches based on smart card and external memory. The main security confidence of smart card based schemes is temper-resistance property. Other reasons are small physical size, portability, convenience of non-volatile memory, and security provided by a single chip computer embedded in a plastic card. The most efficient schemes are those that used hash function or ECC. The high cost of the cards and readers and their deployment remains a burden to issuers or users. This is what motivates the use of external memory instead of smart card. But the problem of non-temper resistance property associated with external memory limited researches in that direction. There are also, absence of other activities that are essential in user authentication such as forgot/reset password and re-registration in case the external memory or smart card is stolen or lost in all the reviewed researches.
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