The Turkish version of the MACS is found to be valid and reliable, and is suggested to be appropriate for the assessment of manual ability within the Turkish population.

Background Pain can be considered an early sign of COVID-19 infection. There are no studies that specifically investigate the frequency, characteristics, and presentation patterns of pain in COVID-19 infection. Aims Our aim is to evaluate the frequency, localization, and severity of pain among the presenting signs and symptoms in patients with COVID-19. Methods Patients with the diagnosis of COVID-19 who were admitted to our hospital between March and June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ general symptoms at the first admission to the hospital, presence of pain at admission, localization, severity, and persistence of pain were queried by phone call. Results A total of 210 inpatients diagnosed with COVID-19 were recruited from the hospitals database. Complaints of the patients were 76.6% fatigue, 69.3% pain, 62% fever, 45.3% cough, 43.5% loss of taste and/or smell, 25% diarrhea, and 0.5% skin lesions respectively. Pain was the chief complaint in of 46.61% of the patients. Pain complaints had started on average 2.2 (± 2.8) days before admission. Among 133 patients reporting pain, the distribution of site was 92 (69.2%) myalgia/arthralgia; 67 (50.4%) headache; 58 (43.6%) back pain; 44 (33.1%) low back pain; 33 (25.0%) chest pain; 28 (21.1%) sore throat; and 18 (13.6%) abdominal pain. Conclusions The most common pain symptoms were myalgia/arthralgia and headache (69.17% and 50.37%) and found to be much higher than previously reported. Pain is one of the most common complaints of admission to the hospital in patients with COVID-19. Patients who apply to health institutions with pain complaints should be evaluated and questioned in suspicion of COVID-19 infection.

Long-term patient adherence to osteoporosis treatment is poor despite proven efficacy. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of active patient training on treatment compliance and persistence in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. In the present national, multicenter, randomized controlled study, postmenopausal osteoporosis patients (45-75 years) who were on weekly bisphosphonate treatment were randomized to active training (AT) and passive training (PT) groups and followed-up by 4 visits after the initial visit at 3 months interval during 12 months of the treatment. Both groups received a bisphosphonate usage guide and osteoporosis training booklets. Additionally, AT group received four phone calls (at 2nd, 5th, 8th, and 11th months) and participated to four interactive social/training meetings held in groups of 10 patients (at 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months). The primary evaluation criteria were self-reported persistence and compliance to the treatment and the secondary evaluation criteria was quality life of the patients assessed by 41-item Quality of Life European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO-41) questionnaire.. Of 448 patients (mean age 62.4±7.7 years), 226 were randomized to AT group and 222 were randomized to PT group. Among the study visits, the most common reason for not receiving treatment regularly was forgetfulness (54.9% for visit 2, 44.3% for visit 3, 51.6% for visit 4, and 43.8% for visit 5), the majority of the patients always used their drugs regularly on recommended days and dosages (63.8% for visit 2, 60.9% for visit 3, 72.1% for visit 4, and 70.8% for visit 5), and most of the patients were highly satisfied with the treatment (63.4% for visit 2, 68.9% for visit 3, 72.4% for visit 4, and 65.2% for visit 5) and wanted to continue to the treatment (96.5% for visit 2, 96.5% for visit 3, 96.9% for visit 4, and 94.4% for visit 5). QUALEFFO scores of the patients in visit 1 significantly improved in visit 5 (37.7±25.4 vs. 34.0±14.6, p<0.001); however, the difference was not significant between AT and PT groups both in visit 1 and visit 5. In conclusion, in addition to active training, passive training provided at the 1st visit did not improve the persistence and compliance of the patients for bisphosphonate treatment.

No abstract

No statistically significant associations were found between ultrasonometry variables and pregnancy, breast-feeding or nulliparity.

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is a congenital disorder which is seen vertebral anomalies in varying degrees from lower thoracic spineto the level of the coccyx. We present a case of CRS which is not intended operation for orthopedic deformities considering functionality. 2, 5 year-old girl referred to our clinic with complaints about walking disability, knee and foot deformities. Patient's mother with unregulated diabetes did not have a history of drug use, radiation exposure and serious illness during pregnancy. Diagnosis had been put during antenatal follow-ups. On physical examination, her lower extremities were hypoplastic and had no muscle activity. Her hips were flexed and abducted, but did not have contractures. Her knees had 75 degrees of flexion contractures with popliteal webs and feet had equinovarus deformity. Frog belly was present due to abdominal muscles weakness. Also hypoplasic labia majora has been identified. In lumbar MRI, spinal cord was terminated at 6th thoracic (T6) vertebrae and the last solid vertebrae level was at T10. Patient who has been following by urology with clean intermittent catheterization had also severe urological problems including horseshoe kidney, neurologic bladder, vesico-ureteral reflux and grade 2 hydronephrosis. Orthopedic consultation was made for her deformities. They decided that ambulation unexpected patient's knee flexion contractures were helping sitting balance. Because of this operation was not considered. Prognosis, treatment options, strength exercises for upper extremities, skin care were told to parents and patient was taken to follow. CRS is a rare congenital abnormality which is associated with orthopedic deformities, as well as urological, anorectal and cardiac malformations. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. It should not be forgotten that purpose of rehabilitation is not to correct all deformities but increase the functionality of everyday life.

, a total of 84 hemiplegic patients (53 males, 31 females; mean age 61.4±13.5 years; range 28-89 years) with stroke for 12 months were included in the study. Type of cerebrovascular accident and complications were evaluated. Hospital records and data from the relatives of the patients were used to calculate the cost. Annual costs were evaluated starting from first hospitalization. Direct costs were calculated with the sum of hospital care (acute care, diagnostic investigations, treatment and rehabilitation), medications, medical visits, outpatient rehabilitation and orthopedic aids. Indirect costs were calculated by taking the income loss due to absence from work into consideration. Prices of medical resources were obtained from the 2014 Healthcare Implementation Notification payment list.

This study investigated the change in mobility, pain, functional status and spasticity in a pediatric rehabilitation unit after the lockdown.