The current study demonstrates variability of the NC in terms of anatomical characteristics and dimensions; hence, a thorough CBCT analysis is highly recommended for better surgical outcomes and to reduce the post-operative complications in implant dentistry.

Background To check the influence of different all-ceramic systems on the polymerization of a dual-cured resin cement, evaluated immediately and 24 hours after curing cycle. Materials and methods A total of 80 resin cement disk specimens (n = 20) were fabricated by polymerization through lithium disilicate disks (group B), leucite-reinforced disks (group C), zirconia disks (group D) and without an intervening ceramic disk (group A). Each group further consisted of two subgroups (n = 10), t30 and t60 according to two different exposure times of 30 and 60 seconds respectively. Each of the 80 resin disk specimens was evaluated for microhardness (VHN) immediately and after 24 hours, giving us a total of 160 readings. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for multiple group comparisons followed by Tukey's post-hoc for group-wise comparisons. Results Direct activation (group A) of the resin cement showed statistically significant higher mean microhardness values as compared to the experimental groups (groups B, C and D), both immediately and after 24 hours. The mean microhardness for immediate postactivation was always inferior to the 24 hours postactivation test for both direct activation and through different ceramics. For immediate testing time, of both the 30 and 60 seconds curing cycle, there was a significant increase in the microhardness of the resin cement disks cured for 60 seconds through the different ceramics (groups B, C and D) and direct light activation (group A). For the 24 hours testing time, of both the 30 and 60 seconds curing cycle, there was a significant increase in the microhardness of the resin cement disks cured for 60 seconds through the different ceramics except for the direct light-activation group. Conclusion Ceramic composition affected the polymerization of dual-cured resin cements. Doubling the light irradiation time significantly increased mean microhardness value. Greater degree of conversion leading to an increase in hardness was observed when the resin cement disks were evaluated after 24 hours. How to cite this article Jain NV, Dugal R, Madanshetty P, Poplai GR, Gharatkar AA, Shinde PH. Influence of Different Ceramic Systems on the Polymerization of Dual-cured Resin Cement evaluated Immediately and after 24 Hours. An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2015;5(1):1-9.

Lack of sufficient bone to place an implant at a functionally and an esthetically appropriate position is a common problem, especially in the mandibular posterior region. Narrow edentulous alveolar ridges <5 mm wide require bone augmentation before implant placement to establish a bony wall of at least 1 mm around the endosseous implant. Various surgical widening techniques are available, including lateral augmentation with or without guided bone regeneration, ridge-split technique and horizontal distraction osteogenesis. The ridge-split technique aims at creating a new implant bed by longitudinal osteotomy of the alveolar bone. The buccal cortex is repositioned laterally by greenstick fracture, and the space between the buccal and lingual cortices is filled with a graft material. Peri-implant plastic surgery focuses on harmonizing peri-implant structures by means of hard-and soft-tissue engineering and includes bone structure enhancement, soft-tissue enhancement, precision in implant placement and improves quality of the prosthetic restoration. The rationale for the peri-implant plastic surgery approach goes well beyond pure esthetics as it creates peri-implant keratinized mucosa and interimplant soft-tissue height in order to avoid food impaction, interimplant airflow, and speech problems. This case report demonstrates a staged ridge-split technique evaluated with cone beam computed tomography using a piezosurgical unit and a surgical technique to restore a papilla-like tissue at the time of the second-stage implant surgery.

The continuous resorption of the edentulous mandible is the most common cause for the patients not being satisfied with con ven tional dentures. With the advent of dental implants, various remov able and fixed options can be provided to the patient for bet ter function, retention, esthetics and phonetics. The mandi bular implantsupported hybrid prosthesis ia a viable pros thetic option as it fixed for the patient and removable for the clinician. The passive fit of a hybrid prosthesis is a prerequisite for a successful prognosis, which can be achieved using the newer technology like computeraided design and computeraided manufacturing (CADCAM) milled titanium frameworks. The use of connective tissue graft to enhance soft tissue bulk around implants helps the clinician provide esthetically appealing outcomes. Immediate loading of the implants is the most preferred option for patients who are esthetically very conscious. Its provisionalization using screwretained prosthesis ensures a stable periimplant health as the extruded cement can be eliminated extraorally. This article presents the fabrication of mandibular implantsupported hybrid prosthesis with CADCAM milled titanium framework and connective tissue around imme diately placed implant with screw retained provisional prosthesis.