A C2-symmetric internally conjugated 1,3-dialkyne system 5, containing phenolphthalein as a fluorophore and ferrocene
as a redox moiety, has been synthesized via a microwave-assisted synthetic
procedure. Compound 5 was synthesized by Cu-catalyzed
Glaser–Hay coupling using a microwave reactor in neat condition
for the first time. Compound 5 was found to be highly
selective toward Fe3+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ ions via multichannels. Interestingly, Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions simply promote the oxidation of ferrocene unit to ferrocenium
ion without binding to the receptor, whereas Hg2+ binds
with the receptor 5 (ΔE
1/2 = 71 mV). The oxidation and binding phenomena were investigated
by optical and electrochemical analyses. Furthermore, the binding
site of Hg2+ ion with our designed probe was confirmed
by 1H, 13C NMR and IR titrations, which indicated
that conjugated dialkyne unit interacts with Hg2+ ion by
a favorable soft–soft interaction. Both receptor 5 and its metal complex, [5·2Hg2+], are
stable in the physiological pH range (pH = 6–7) and thermally
stable up to 78 °C. The experimental results of metal binding
have been further supported by quantum chemical calculations (DFT),
which explore the favorable geometry of the free ligand as well as
its Hg2+ complex.
A feasible one-pot synthesis of dimerized arene and heteroarene systems was achieved by employing 2 mol% of Co(II) catalyst 1 along with Zn dust, at room temperature for 2-4 h....
The C
2-symmetric photochromic molecule 3, containing dithienylethene (DTE) and ferrocene units connected
by an alkyne bridge, represents a unique probe where a metal (Hg2+) binds with the central DTE moiety. Both photoisomerized
states of 3 (open, 3o; closed, 3c) are found to interact with Hg2+ ion by the S atoms of
the DTE core; however, the binding constants (from a UV–vis
study) and DFT calculations suggest that the open isomer (3o) binds with the metal ion more strongly than that of the closed
isomer (3c). Notably, the course of metal binding does
not perturb the inherent photoisomerization properties of the DTE
core and the photoswitchability persists even in the metal-coordinated
form of 3, however, with a comparatively slower rate.
The quantum yields for photocyclization (Φo→c) and photocycloreversion (Φc→o) in the free
form are 0.56 and 0.007, respectively, whereas the photocyclization
quantum yield in the Hg2+ complexed species is 0.068, 8.2
times lower than the photocyclization quantum yield (Φo→c) of free 3o. Thus, the rate of photoisomerization can
be modulated by a suitable metal coordination to the DTE core. The
dynamics of photoswitchability in the metal-coordinated form of DTE
has been explored by experimental means (UV–vis and electrochemical
studies) as well as quantum chemical calculations.
We described that quinoline-based NNN-pincer Cu(II) complex acts as an air stable superior catalyst for the oxidative cross coupling of allyl sp3 C-H bond with acid for the synthesis of...
Alkyne is a versatile functional group in organic chemistry, and is able to undergo a wide variety of reactions and interactions. Featuring a reactive functional group, alkyne participates in many...
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