Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of microfinance on women-owned microenterprises’ (WMEs) performance in Indonesia. It especially observes how financial, human and social capital influences performance of enterprises. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a survey conducted in Surabaya, Indonesia’s second largest city, covering more than 100 WMEs. The ordered probit technique is applied to estimate the performance vis-à-vis financial, social and human capital relationships. Findings This study finds a negative relationship between performance and financial capital, and positive relationships between performance-human capital and performance-social capital. However, with respect to human capital, the level of education has a marginally significant relationship with performance. Practical implications Microcredit for the purposes of enhancing business performance might not necessarily be a good idea, if it is unable to generate higher returns. As a business develops, the volume of microcredit should be reduced, and replaced by owners’ own savings and retained profits. Regarding the non-financial factors, it might be useful for policy makers to contemplate providing incentives for spouse involvement in microenterprises run by women, and to consider them in designing credit policies. Group meetings activities should be extended to facilitate members to engage in business-related conversations and to develop social relationships. The ability of loan officers and group leaders to facilitate such conversations appears important. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study provides the first in-depth understanding of the role of microfinance programmes in the case of performance of WMEs in Indonesia, one of the world’s most populous economies.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the small, women micro-entrepreneur dominated and heterogeneity limitations of the Atmadja et al. (2016) study. The sample is much larger, includes more men and is more heterogeneous, which allows deeper insights and more meaningful explanation of the relationship between microfinance and microenterprise performance in the case of Indonesia, including the effects of gender, lending scheme and money separation. Design/methodology/approach This study used a survey of 556 respondents across five microcredit providers in the city of Surabaya using an updated instrument. Ordered probit is used to analyse data. Findings Microfinance may not matter for microenterprise performance in the case of Indonesia. Additionally, microcredit schemes (individual vs group) and gender may also not matter for performance, but money separation might have some influence. Practical implications Non-financial factors such as human capital, spousal involvement, and money separation should be considered as important factors for improving microenterprise business performance in Indonesia, with less focus on microcredit per se. Originality/value This study provides further evidence that microfinance may not matter for microenterprise performance in the case of Indonesia, a populous middle income country with a very long history of microfinance.

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The devastating effect of the two world finansial crises had widely influenced not only on developed capital markets but also emerging ones, including the ASEAN regional markets. The crises have been commonly believed to have significant impact on the changing behaviour of the regional indices movements. This study investigates how the crises have affected the interrelation of stock indices’ movements amongst the five South East Asian countries. The multivariate time series analysis frameworks applied on series of the two sub-sample periods reveals the existing of a cointegrating relationship among the stock markets during the 1997 finansial crisis, but none of cointegrating vector to be found on the series of the 2007 crisis. The short run dynamic analyses conclude that the short run interrelation among the regional indices seems to be more intense during the 2007 finansial crisis period. For the latest period of crisis, the number of significant causal linkages between two variables on the series was greater than the other period. The analyses also show that the explanatory power of an endogenous variable to another in the system increased during the latest crisis, implying that the contagious effect of the crisis had increased the short run interdependence of the regional stock markets.

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The devastating effect of the two world finansial crises had widely influenced not only on PENDAHULUANSejumlah peneliti (Chan et al., 1992;Arshanapalli et al., 1995;DeFusco et al., 1996;Sheng dan Tu, 2000;Azman-Saini et al., 2002;Hee, 2002;dan Yang et al., 2003) melaporkan hasil-hasil temuan yang bervariasi, tetapi sebagian besar dari hasil temuan tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa derajat hubungan integrasi di antara bursa-bursa efek di kawasan Asia Pasifik cenderung semakin menguat sepanjang masa krisis, jika dibandingkan dengan sebelum atau sesudah masa krisis. Hal ini mengindikasikan, bahwa momen terjadinya krisis sangat mungkin menyebabkan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap pola inter-dependensi pasar modal regional. Hasil-hasil penelitian tersebut pada

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