International audienceThe objective of cartographic generalisation is to simplify geographic data in order to create legible maps when scale decreases. It often requires to reason at different levels of abstraction (e.g. a building, a city). To automate this process, Multi-Agent approaches have been used since several years, by modelling map objects (e.g. buildings) as autonomous entities trying to solve constraints through appropriate transformations. Yet, those approaches are not able to deal with all situations that appear between cartographic objects in a map. Indeed, though a map intrinsically involves objects that belong to several description, scale or organisation levels, there is no explicit multi-level representation in agent-based cartographic models. Thus we assume that the use of a multi-level multi-agent model would improve the automated generalisation process. Especially, the PADAWAN model is a multi-agent model offering multi-level capabilities which match quite well the requirements for the multi-level organisation of cartographic objects. In this paper, we expose how we use this model on the one hand, to reify multi-level relations between cartographic agents, and on the other hand, to represent the constraints and the actions proposed to solve them, as interactions between the agents
International audienceAmong approaches for automated generalization of vector data, we focus on the multi-agent paradigm: cartographic objects are modeled as agents (autonomous objects) that apply generalization algorithms to themselves to satisfy cartographic constraints. Several agent levels are considered, for example, individual agents, such as a building, and agents representing a group of agents, such as an urban block composed of the surrounding roads and contained buildings. Several multi-agent models were proposed to automate the orchestration of map generalization processes. Existing multi-agent generalization models have different approaches to manage the relations between agent levels. In this paper, we unify existing models, adapting a multi-level simulation model, to simplify interactions between agents in different levels. We propose the DIOGEN model, in which the principle of interactions between agents of different levels is adapted to constraint-driven cartographic generalization. DIOGEN unifies three existing multi-agent generalization models (AGENT, CartACom and GAEL), combine their behaviors and take advantage of their skills. Our proposal is evaluated on different use cases: instances of topographic mapping, and mapping of hiking routes over topographic data as an example of thematic mapping.Nous nous intéressons aux approches dédiées à la généralisation automatique basées sur le paradigme multi-agents: les objets cartographiques sont modélisés comme des agents (objets autonomes) qui s'appliquent des algorithmes de généralisation pour satisfaire des contraintes cartographiques. Plusieurs niveaux d'agents sont considérés, par exemple des agents individuels, comme un bâtiment, et des agents représentant un groupe d'agents, comme un îlot urbain composé des routes qui l'entourent et des bâtiments qu'il contient. Plusieurs modèles multi-agents ont été proposés pour automatiser l'orchestration d'un processus de généralisation. Les modèles existants gèrent différemment les relations entre les niveaux d'agents. Dans cet article, nous travaillons sur l'unification des modèles existants. Nous simplifions les interactions entre agents des différents niveaux en adaptant un modèle agent récemment défini pour la simulation, et qui met l'accent sur la modélisation du multi-niveau. La modélisation des interactions entre niveaux issue de ce modèle est adaptée au cas de la généralisation cartographique guidée par des contraintes. Le modèle résultant s'appelle DIOGEN. Il unifie trois modèles de génralisation existants (AGENT, CartACom et GAEL), permettant de combiner leurs comportements et leurs capacités. Notre proposition est évaluée sur des cas concrets de cartographie topographique, ainsi que sur de la cartographie conjointe d'itinéraires de randonnée et de données topographiques qui constitue un exemple de cartographie thématique
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