The study investigated the growth of hydromycoflora on the eggs of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in five water bodies of different eutrophication levels. Thirty-three (33) species of mycotal organisms, including 28 species belonging to Peronosporomycota, 2 to anamorphic fungi and 1 each to Ascomycota, Blastocladiomycota and Zygomycota were identified on the eggs. The water from River Biala and Pond Fosa, which are more biogenic, had the largest number of mycotal species (20 and 19, respectively) on the eggs of common carp. The smallest number of those species was found on the eggs of common carp in water from Spring Cypisek, Pond Komosa and River Suprasl, which are low in biogenes (12, 11 and 11, respectively). Achlya diffusa, Aphanomyces laevis, Saprolegnia ferax, Saprolegnia parasitica and Pythium ultimum belong to the species that were most frequently found on C. carpio eggs. The following rare mycotal species were also found: Allomyces arbuscula, Aphanomyces frigidophilus, Candida albicans, Fusarium aquaeductum, F. culmorum and Zoopage phanera. Amino acid, carbohydrate and urease tests were used. Of the C. carpio eggs that were investigated, 12.7% were found to be infected with mycotal species.
The influence of the four species of green sponges (Ephydatia muelleri, Heteromeyenia stepanowii, Spongilla fluviatilis, and Spongilla lacustris) on the occurrence of aquatic mycotal species in the water of three four water bodies of different trophy was investigated in this study. Seeds and snake exuviae were used as baits. For the measurement of the primary and extracellular production by symbiotic algae of green sponges and assimilation of those products by mycota, radioactive carbon (14 C) was used. A total of 75 mycotal species were found to be growing on the baits. The fewest mycota were noted in the containers in water from oligotrophic Lake Hańcza; the most in the containers with eutrophic water from River Supraśl. More mycota were found to grow in the containers with green sponges (Sp) than in the controls (Co) in water from all water bodies. The mean ratio of Sp/Co in green sponges ranged from 2.30 (E. muelleri) to 4.80 (H. stepanowii); in brown colonies (without symbiotic algae) it was 0.90. Mean value of 14 C fixation (primary production) in symbiotic algae of Spogilla fluviatilis was 5.67 mg C g-1 dry weight sponge per hour. The effect of green sponges on the abundance of aquatic mycotal species is caused by dissolved organic matter produced during photosynthesis by symbiotic zoochlorellae, a symbionts of green sponges and excreted into the water environment (S. fluviatilis excreted mean 12.8% of carbon fixation). Those excreted organic substances serve as nutrients for aquatic mycota. The mean value of extracellular products assimilated by mycota was 4.96 mg C g-1 dry weight mycelium per hour.
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