Objective: to describe and compare the variables involved in trauma victims undergoing thoracic drainage. Methods: we conducted a retrospective, analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with medical records of patients attended at the Trauma Service of the Curitiba Evangelical University Hospital between February 2011 and January 2014. Results: there were 488 patients undergoing chest drainage, 84.7% men and 15.3% women, with an average age of 38.2 years. Attendances usually occurred at night, without predominance between open or closed mechanism, gender or age group. The majority of patients with thoracic trauma requiring drainage were diagnosed by anamnesis and physical examination (41.1%) and drained in the emergency room (80.8%). Most of the patients (66.2%) had another associated lesion, mostly some abdominal viscera. Complications were present in 16.6% (81 patients), most of them due to drainage positioning error (9.2%). The mean hospital stay was 15 days and drainage lasted for an average of 8.1 days, with no statistical difference between open and closed trauma. The clinical outcome was discharge in most cases. Conclusion: the profile of patients with thoracic trauma is that of young men, attended at night, with some other associated lesion. Although diagnosis and treatment were rapid and most often without the need for complex examinations, the time of drainage, hospitalization and complications were higher than in the literature, which can be explained by the drainage being made at the Emergency Room and the presence of associated injuries.
Connections among Intra Uterine Devices (IUD), Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) still bring doubts for health professionals; Our goal is to understand better these associations. We searched the PubMed database for articles including evidence about these topics. A common outcome found is the superiority of levonorgestrel (LNG) IUD over NOVA T (copper) device regarding clinical performance and PID rates. The modern IUDs do not elevate the risk of getting PID; however this risk is higher when a patient has a STI at the time she gets an IUD. It is wise requiring a STI test, principally for cervicitis, before placing an IUD. The epidemiologic data suggests this management mainly for woman with a new sexual partner, or with multiple sexual partners, and under age 25. It is also correct inserting an IUD and test for STI at the same day: if positive results come, antibiotics can be used. Old papers usually show a higher risk for PID in IUD users, an outcome not found in recent researches that have improved methodology and therefore are more reliable. However, the investigation concerning the STI and cervicitis remain as an important point to investigate before decision to IUD use.
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