Given the causal relationship between specific types of HPV with cervical cancer and precursor lesions, it is important to identify the viral type involved. The aim of this study is to access the prevalence of HPV types in HIV seropositive and seronegative women. Accordingly, 77 HPV positive cervical samples were obtained from 284 women (seropositive (n=112) and seronegative (n=172) for HIV) who attended a Sexually Transmitted Infection clinic, in Vitoria, Southeastern Brazil. Viral DNA was amplified by PCR using MY09/MY11 degenerated primers and the genotyping was performed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Seventy five out of the 77 HPV samples were genotyped: 6, 11, 13, 16, 18, 26, 31, 31b, 32, 33, 34, 35, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 64, 66, 71, 81, 83, 84. The most prevalent type was HPV16 followed by HPV types 6, 11 and 53. Fifty five percent and 45% belonged to high and low risk types, respectively. High risk types corresponded to 59% and 54.5% of the HPV detected in HIV seronegative and seropositive women, respectively. The uncommon HPV 13 type in cervical samples was also observed in this study. The oncogenic types were more common in the HIV seronegative samples and the number of cases with multiple infections was similar for the two groups. HPV typing is not only important clinically for the establishment of monitoring and treatment of a patient, it also provides knowledge of the viral types circulating in a population, which is of interest in the development of prevention and treatment programs for this disease

We conducted a cross-sectional study in Vitória, Brazil, to assess the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in HIV-positive and HIV-negative women attending a sexually transmitted infection (STI)/AIDS clinic. We also investigated the presence of HPV genotypes and assessed covariates for HIV infection. Enrolled patients received a gynecological evaluation, and cervical scrape samples were collected for cytological analysis and HPV-DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A blood sample was obtained to determine HIV status. HPV infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions were studied in 284 women, 112 (39.4%) HIV-positive women and 172 (60.5%) HIV-negative women. HPV-DNA was detected in 133 (46.8%). HIV-infected women were almost twice as likely to be concurrently infected with HPV than HIV-negative women (OR 1.87 95% CI:1.16–3.03). The high proportion of HPV detected among women attending an STI/AIDS clinic, particularly among HIV-infected women, proves the importance of screening this high-risk group in the hope of earlier detection and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

This study investigated the prevalence of adeno-associated virus (AAV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in cervical samples of HIV-seropositive and -seronegative women attending a clinic in south-eastern Brazil. Both viruses were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cytological exams were performed. AAV was typed by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. AAV prevalence was 19.7% (56/284), with 18.7% (21/112) and 20.3% (35/172) in HIV-positive and -negative women, respectively. AAV type 2 was the single virus type detected. AAV was detected with higher frequency in HPV-infected women (P < 0.05) as was HPV in HIV-positive women (P < 0.05). The AAV-HPV co-infected women showed a lower rate of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia development compared with those infected only with HPV. The prevalence of AAV2 confirms this type as the most common in human samples. This is the first report examining AAV in cervical samples of HIV-infected women and indicates that HIV infection does not appear to influence AAV prevalence or AAV-HPV co-infection.